Background: There is an ongoing debate if ketamine exerts any effect on intracranial pressure (ICP). ICP can be evaluated noninvasively by means of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement. In the present study, we aimed to determine has perceivable using ONSD.
 Material and Methods: this single-center observational prospectively enrolled patients who were admitted ED received intrav...

In an old Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups television commercial, 2 snacking pedestrians collide and their respective treats—peanut butter and chocolate—inadvertently mix. Both parties sample the blend with unexpected pleasure, and the narrator then pitches the slogan, “Two great tastes that taste great together.” Ketamine and propofol are 2 extremely common agents used for emergency department (ED) ...

Moderate sedation/analgesia, formerly known as “conscious sedation,” is commonly used during bronchoscopy for patients’ comfort and safety around the world. This is mostly because, during the procedure, patients may experience pain, excessive cough, and sensation of asphyxiation. These experiences may lead to anxiety, hypertension, and even arrhythmias. Moreover, they may leave behind an unplea...

10.2217/14750708.5.4.425 © 2 Providing relief from pain and anxiety associated with diagnostic and therapeutic procedures has become an ethical imperative in children, as well as a measured quality of care from the family perspective. This, along with a tremendous increase in the number of procedures performed in children outside the operating room, has placed an increasing demand for procedura...

INTRODUCTION Much of the emergency medical research on sedation-assisted orthopedic reductions has been undertaken with two physicians--one dedicated to the sedation and one to the procedure. Clinical practice in community emergency departments (EDs), however, often involves only one physician, who both performs the procedure and simultaneously oversees the crendentialed registered nurse who ad...

Adequate sedation and analgesia are considered essential requirements to relieve patient discomfort and pain and ultimately to improve the outcomes of modern gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. The willingness of patients to undergo sedation during endoscopy has increased steadily in recent years and standard sedation practices are needed for both patient safety and successful procedural ou...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess, by a review of published evidence, the safest and most effective way to provide procedural sedation (PS) in children undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE). METHODS The databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase were used. Search terms "endoscopy, gastrointestinal" or "endoscopy, digestive system" were combined with "sedation," "consciou...

http://www.annemergmed.com/article/S0196-0644(14)015790/abstract Luhmann JD, Schootman M, Luhmann SJ, Kennedy RM. A randomized comparison of nitrous oxide plus hematoma block versus ketamine plus midazolam for emergency department forearm fracture reduction in children. Pediatrics. 2006;118(4):e1078-86. Abstract Migita RT, Klein EJ, Garrison MM. Sedation and analgesia for pediatric fracture red...

AIM To examine the effectiveness and safety of the sedative agents used in the emergency department following the introduction of ketamine as an agent for procedural sedation METHODS A 2-year prospective audit of sedation practice was undertaken. This specifically examined the rationale behind a doctor's choice of sedative agent, the depth of sedation achieved, adverse events and the time tak...