We propose an economic supply chain model that accounts for typical inefficiencies resulting from low visibility of the flow of consumer goods. Using realistic numerical input values for the model, we illustrate how the profit distribution among manufacturer and retailer changes as item-level RFID is used for different purposes along the consumer goods supply chain. Applying basic Game Theoreti...

A recent strategy carried out by the aircraft industry to reduce the total cost of the new generation fighters has consisted in the development of a single airframe with different technical and operational specifications. This strategy has been designed to reduce costs in the Research, Design and Development phase with the ultimate objective of reducing the final unit price per aircraft. This i...

In estimating the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic procedures, it is helpful to treat diagnostic information as a commodity with a unit price. The amount of useful information provided by a test result can be measured in binary units (bits), and the unit price of the information produced by the test result can be expressed in dollars per bit in much the same way that the price of gold is given ...

New programming frameworks for scale-out parallel analysis, such as MapReduce and Hadoop, have become a cornerstone for exploiting large datasets. However, there has been little analysis of how such systems perform relative to the capabilities of the hardware on which they run. This paper describes a simple model of I/O resource consumption that predicts the ideal lowerbound runtime of a parall...

a r t i c l e i n f o Do congestion externalities offer a reason to depart from complete price stability as the only goal of monetary policy in a New Keynesian model featuring search frictions, and under what conditions is the welfare cost of labor-market distortions sizable? This paper tries to answer these questions by deriving a linear quadratic framework for optimal monetary policy analysis...

As disaster response becomes more complex, entities involved in humanitarian operations also increase in numbers and sophistication. Humanitarian actors are beginning to see the value that an efficient supply chain can bring. However, participating actors are faced with competition for funding and often do not cooperate with each other, which produces inefficient outcomes at the expenses of the...

An efficient congestion management system is a necessary condition to remove obstacles to the cross border trade of electricity in Europe and hence to move towards an internal electricity market. Locational marginal pricing (LMP) is progressively becoming the benchmark of congestion management in the United States. It is conceptually simple, compatible with basic economic theory and physical re...