Because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with health-care-associated pneumonia, it is important to implement evidence-based prevention measures. Recently by CDC published Guidelines for Preventing Health-Care-Associated Pneumonia describe prevention measures based on evaluated studies, randomized controlled trials or meta-analyses. In this paper the most important prevention measu...

Epidemiology Incidence of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Mortality Morbidity and Cost Etiologic Agents Pathogenesis Risk Factors Diagnosis Clinical Evaluation Combined with Microscope Examination and Culture of Tracheal Secretions Microbiologic Diagnosis of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Using Nonbronchoscopic Techniques Microbiologic Diagnosis of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Using Broncho...

microbial biofilms has remained a major complication of tracheal intubation in patients requiring ventilator equipment. the aim of this study was to characterize bacterial and fungal biofilms in endotracheal tubes from intensive care unit (icu) patients in ahwaz, iran. in this cross-sectional descriptive study, patients admitted to icu that required mechanical ventilation for at least 24 hours ...

To the Editor—We read with interest the article by Tantipong et al. on the use of oral decontamination with 2% chlorhexidine solution for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). We believe that their study has some important limitations and that the authors' conclusion that oral chlorhexidine is an effective and safe method for VAP prevention is not supported by the results. In...

The sensitivity and specificity of the radiographic and clinical evidence used to diagnose ventilator-associated pneumonia vary depending on the number of clinical criteria present. Bacteriological confirmation that rules out other diseases can be achieved by quantitative or qualitative cultures of tracheal aspirate. The rate of tracheal colonization in ventilated patients reduces the usefulnes...