PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite its widespread use, the role of noninvasive home mechanical ventilation for the management of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure is still controversial. The majority of randomized controlled trials show methodological weaknesses, including issues of patient selection, insufficient pressure support and poor adherence...

Controlled mechanical ventilation is characterized by a fixed breathing frequency and tidal volume. Physiological and mathematical models have demonstrated the beneficial effects of varying tidal volume and/or inspiratory pressure during positive-pressure ventilation. The addition of noise (random changes) to a monotonous nonlinear biological system, such as the lung, induces stochastic resonan...

BACKGROUND Post-operative pulmonary complications add to the morbidity and mortality of surgical patients, in particular after general anesthesia >2 hours for abdominal surgery. Whether a protective mechanical ventilation strategy with higher levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and repeated recruitment maneuvers; the "open lung strategy", protects against post-operative pulmonary ...

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical technique for amputation of anunhealthy gallbladder. This procedure has several advantages including shorter stay in hospital, minimal postoperativepain and fast recovery after procedure. The disadvantages this due to increase intraabdominalpressure, patient position general anesthesia. Many anesthetist apply VCV procedur...

To the Editor:—We read the article “Controlled Airway Pressure Therapy, Nitric Oxide Inhalation, Prone Position, and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) as Components of an Integrated Approach to ARDS” with great interest, and we congratulate the authors for their well-conducted study. A lung-protective strategy with reduction of shear stress by keeping positive end-expiratory pressure a...

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous dilational tracheostomy is normally a bronchoscope-guided procedure. The insertion of a bronchoscope into an endotracheal tube (ETT) affects resistance, flow, and alveolar pressure. To improve airway management and ventilation during percutaneous tracheostomy, we developed a double lumen endotracheal tube (DLET). The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the linear ...

BACKGROUND The i-gel provides good airway sealing but gastric insufflation may occur when peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) exceeds the sealing pressure of the i-gel without a gastric tube. Pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) provides lower PIP compared with volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and low PIP may reduce the incidence of gastric insufflation in children during positive pressure vent...

Changes in the mean pulmonary wedge pressure were measured during temporary disconnection from a ventilator in 29 patients to assess the effects of therapy with controlled-volume ventilation on determinations of pulmonary wedge pressure. In 16 observations performed during therapy with intermittent positive-pressure ventilation, the mean value for the pulmonary wedge pressure was the same (10.3...