Recent years have seen an emerging interest in narrativecentered learning, ushering in a wave of research on adaptive story-based systems for education and training. Among the aims of current narrative-centered learning work is the creation of environments that draw students into the story while simultaneously satisfying pedagogical goals in an enjoyable, motivating, and effective manner. In th...

In this paper we study an extension of the distribution-free model of learning introduced by Valiant [23] (also known as the probably approximately correct or PAC model) that allows the presence of malicious errors in the examples given to a learning algorithm. Such errors are generated by an adversary with unbounded computational power and access to the entire history of the learning algorithm...

Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document describes an exten...

In this paper, we introduce the notion of Online Presence, a concept related to user’s presence on online services. We identify interoperability issues in the field of exchange of the online presence data and propose a solution in building a common model for semantic representation of online presence data. We present the Online Presence Ontology (OPO) together with benefits such an ontology cou...

The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the evolution of social presence research in the field of distance education and identified problems in investigating this construct. The researchers took an integrative review on existing social presence studies to answer three questions: (a) How definitions of social presence evolved since its establishment (b) How research focus shifted...

While the concept of presence has been investigated for over 10 years, there have been few studies investigating presence and persuasion. Work in the area of consumer psychology has recently begun to explore the possible connections between aspects of presence and persuasion and have developed a new concept called – transportation imagery model. This paper attempts to demonstrate the similariti...

This paper presents the results of a six-year longitudinal survey of the web sites of S&P 500 companies. Using nine design and functional measures developed based on prior research, we find that S&P 500 companies have experienced significant transformation of their web presence, signified by the increasing levels of information and interactivity. We find a continuing trend toward increasing num...

Although many charities have a web presence, almost all of them have been designed to accept credit cards as the only means for making donations. The anonymity requirements of many donors, however, make the existing means of donation inappropriate for them. In this paper we investigate the business need for an internet charity donation scheme, identify the security requirements such a scheme sh...

This qualitative study investigates students’ affective domain in an online class. Garrison, Anderson and Archer’s Community of Inquiry Model (2000) and Rourke et al.’s Social Presence Templates (2001) were used to analyze transcripts, surveys, and interviews of all participants. The results of this study illustrate the nature of social interaction in an online environment confirming teaching, ...