The presence of a complex and diverse intestinal flora is functionally important for regulating intestinal mucosal immune responses. However, the extent to which a balanced intestinal flora regulates systemic immune responses is still being defined. In order to specifically examine whether the acquisition of a less complex flora influences responses to immunization in the pre-weaning stages of ...

BACKGROUND Little is known about whether pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) has altered pediatricians' practices regarding well-child and acute care. OBJECTIVES To (1) describe whether PCV caused pediatricians to move other routine infant vaccines and/or add routine visits; (2) characterize adherence to national immunization recommendations; and (3) determine whether PCV altered pediatricia...

BACKGROUND An EPI (Expanded Program on Immunization) intervention package was implemented from October 2011 to May 2014 among migrant children in Yiwu, east China. This study aimed to evaluate its impacts on vaccination coverage, maternal understanding of EPI and the local immunization service performance. METHODS A pre- and post-test design was used. The EPI intervention package included: (1...

BACKGROUND Despite the efforts of national and international organizations, polio has not been eradicated from Pakistan. The prevalence of polio in Pakistan is exceptional in global context. Quetta and Peshawar divisions are amongst the most affected regions hit by polio in Pakistan. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards polio immunization among r...

In this study, we evaluated the potency of a human papillomavirus (HPV) virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine at generating HPV type 11 (HPV-11)-specific cellular and humoral immune responses in seronegative women. The vaccine was administered by intramuscular immunizations at months 0, 2, and 6. A fourth immunization was administered to approximately half of the women at month 12. All vaccin...

[no abstract available]

background immunization is an essential issue in primary health care, which has a tremendous impact on infection prevention. objectives this study aimed to determine the immunization status of health care personnel (hcp) and adult patients admitted at teaching hospitals. conclusions the low rate of immunization warrants implementation of novel protocols in adults as well as implying on educatio...

background: immunization campaign is one of the most effective acts for improving community health, yet under immunized groups, leave communities at risk for vaccine -preventable diseases. the objective of the present study is to assess status of immunization for children under 2 years old in shahriar, iran. methods: this research is a cross- sectional study. cluster sampling was used to select...

BACKGROUND Pakistan has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world, with widely prevalent maternal and neonatal tetanus. The purpose of this study was to estimate the coverage and determine the factors associated with tetanus toxoid vaccination status among females of reproductive age in Peshawar. METHODS A Cross-sectional study was conducted in Peshawar, Pakistan, from 9 June t...