Planting container-grown native seedlings is a restoration technique widely used to enhance biodiversity, including in urban areas in New Zealand. We measured survival and growth of seedlings of three native tree species (Aristotelia serrata, wineberry (n = 743); Cordyline australis, cabbage tree (n = 666); and Pittosporum eugenioides, lemonwood (n = 701)) planted in 11 forest restoration sites...

While public funding of invasive species management has increased substantially in the past decade, there have been few cross-institutional assessments of management programs. We assessed management of Phragmites australis, a problematic invader of coastal habitats, through a crossinstitutional economic survey of 285 land managers from US public and private conservation organizations. We found ...

Specimens of Octopus pallidus and 0. australis were trained to discriminate vertical from horizontal rectangles, vertical from horizontal gratings, and vertical and horizontal gratings from uniform grey. In the discriminations that involved gratings a conditional simultaneous discrimination procedure was used, in which the two stimuli to be discriminated were presented stationary at the two end...

• Here, enzymatic activity of five hydrolases was measured fluorometrically in the fluid collected from traps of four aquatic Utricularia species and in the water in which the plants were cultured. • In empty traps, the highest activity was always exhibited by phosphatases (6.1– 29.8 μmol l − 1 h − 1 ) and β -glucosidases (1.35–2.95 μmol l − 1 h − 1 ), while the activities of α -glucosidases, β...

The status of weka on Mokoia Island was assessed in two ways: (1) by surveying the number of weka on the island using two methods: call broadcast and unsolicited call survey, and (2) by capturing weka. Using our call broadcast technique we have estimated the population of weka on the island between 90 and 120 birds. However, several areas of the island were not surveyed. We caught 12 birds in 1...

The mortalities and contributing parameters were estimated for key species discarded during commercial gillnetting (80-mm mesh) targeting dusky flathead Platycephalus fuscus in a southeastern Australian estuary. Bycatches (1470 individuals from 16 species over 11 deployments) were assessed for their immediate mortalities onboard the gillnetter, before subsamples (570 individuals from 11 species...

Distance and discrete geographic barriers play a role in isolating populations, as seed and pollen dispersal become limited. Nearby populations without any geographic barrier between them may also suffer from ecological isolation driven by habitat heterogeneity, which may promote divergence by local adaptation and drift. Likewise, elevation gradients may influence the genetic structure and dive...

Three species of Pseudodactylogyrus Gusev, 1965 (Monogenea: Pseudodactylogyridae) were collected from the gills of Anguilla reinhardtii Steindachner and A. australis Richardson from several localities in Australia and eels imported to Japan from Australia. Pseudodactylogyrus gusevi sp. n. from A. reinhardtii (type host) and A. australis in Queensland, Australia is most similar to P. bini (Kikuc...