The realization that thrombus was the cause and not the consequence of acute myocardial infarction was a transformative pathophysiologic insight.1 An even more stunning observation was the subsequent discovery that restoration of coronary patency could salvage ischemic myocardium and improve clinical outcomes in ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI).2,3 Assertive clinical investigati...

From the year 1986 onwards, several studies have been published focusing on the comparison between fibrinolysis and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in patients with ST segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, because antiplatelet and anticoagulating medications are used in approximation, before and during these procedures, bleeding events have been reported to ...

BACKGROUND Primary percutaneous intervention (PPCI) is the treatment of choice for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) but robust evidence in the very elderly is lacking. We compared PPCI outcomes between different age quartiles (quartile 1 < 60 years, quartile 2 ≥ 60 to < 70 years, quartile 3 ≥ 70 to < 80 years, quartile 4 ≥ 80 years). METHODS Retrospective observational analysis of o...

BACKGROUND Female sex and South Asian race have been associated with poor clinical outcomes following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) but remain understudied in large real-world series. We therefore investigated the association of sex and race with clinical outcomes following PPCI. METHODS We conducted a prospective stud...

BACKGROUND Comparisons between dedicated risk scores in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) in real-world clinical practice are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE), Primary Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction (PAMI)...

BACKGROUND Hospital length of stay after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) has reduced, resulting in more limited patient education during admission. Therefore, systematic participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has become more essential. We aimed to identify patient-related factors that are associated with participation in and...

BACKGROUND Lymphocytes contribute to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in several organ systems, but their relevance in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unknown. Our goal was to characterize lymphocyte dynamics in individuals after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), assess the prognostic relevance of these cells, and explore mechanisms of lymphocyte-associated injur...

BACKGROUND Oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are elevated in diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. Little is known about their dynamics in the acute phase of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), especially in relation to the presence of DM and pre-diabetes (pre-DM). This study aimed to analyz...

BACKGROUND Management of elderly patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is challenging and they are under-represented in trials. Accordingly, we analysed reperfusion strategies and their effectiveness in patients with STEMI ≥75 years compared to <75 years within a comprehensive inclusive registry. METHODS Consecutive patients with STEMI admitted to hospital and tracked withi...

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) with routine stenting of the culprit lesion has greatly improved short-term and immediate outcomes ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).