Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) catalyses the synthesis of oleic acid (18:1, n -9), which is mostly esterified into triacylglycerols (TAGs) as an energy reserve. Delta-6 Desaturase (D6D) and Delta-5 desaturase (D5D) are the key enzymes for the synthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), such as arachidonic acid (20:4, n -6) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n -3), that are incorporated in ...

BACKGROUND The study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of (1R,4r)-4-((R)-1-aminoethyl)-N-(pyridin-4-yl) cyclohexanecarboxamide (Y-27632) and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the proliferation and migration of PANC-1 cells. EGCG, found in green tea, has been previously shown to be one of the most abundant and powerful catechins in cancer prevention and treatment. Y-27632, a sele...

receptors called peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have opened up the possibilities for treatment of many metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes. PPARs have three subtypes, i.e. PPARa , PPARd , and PPARg . PPARs modulate expression of genes involved in the transport and metabolism of glucose and lipids. PPARa is mainly expressed in tissues such as liver, which is activat...

Tibetans have lived at very high altitudes for thousands of years, and they have a distinctive suite of physiological traits that enable them to tolerate environmental hypoxia. These phenotypes are clearly the result of adaptation to this environment, but their genetic basis remains unknown. We report genome-wide scans that reveal positive selection in several regions that contain genes whose p...

Muscle-type carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1b) is considered to be the gene that controls fatty acid mitochondrial b-oxidation. A functional peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) responsive element (PPRE) and a myocite-specific (MEF2) site that binds MEF2A and MEF2C in the promoter of this gene had been previously identified. We investigated the roles of the PPRE and the MEF2 ...

AIM The corresponding proteins are important for network mapping since the interaction analysis can provide a new interpretation about disease underlying mechanisms as the aim of this study. BACKGROUD Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the main causes of liver disease in the world. It has been known with many susceptible proteins that play essential role in its pathogenesis. METH...

The triglyceride-lowering effect of bezafibrate in humans has been attributed to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation based on results from rodent studies. However, the bezafibrate dosages used in conventional rodent experiments are typically higher than those in clinical use ( 50 versus 10 mg/kg/day), and thus it remains unclear whether such data can be translated to hu...

In this issue of Diabetes, Chen et al. (1) used rodent models of type 1 diabetes and ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization to examine how the lipidlowering drug fenofibrate may prevent progression of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is the sightthreatening complication of diabetes that causes retinal microvascular dysfunction, which in turn leads to diabetic macular edema (DME),...