Cyst expansion in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) requires accumulation of fluid into the cyst lumen, which is probably driven by aberrant chloride secretion by the cyst lining epithelium. Extracellular ATP is a potent stimulus for chloride secretion in many epithelial systems, and provides a plausible mechanism for secretion in ADPKD. Therefore the link between polycystin-...

BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is known to be associated with the emergence of inspiratory crackles and enhanced transmission of artificial sounds from the airway opening to the chest wall. Recently, we described the effect of ALI on the basic flow-induced breath sounds, separated from the crackles. In this study, we investigated the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on the...

The radiation of acoustic modes from an aeroengine intake duct is reviewed. The method is based upon a computational scheme which allows acoustic waves, propagating inside the intake duct of a generic aircraft engine, to be admitted into a computational domain that includes the duct section, the exit plane of the duct, and the surrounding flow. The method comprises three elements: a matching pr...

Using of nanofluids and ducts with corrugated walls are both supposed to enhance heat transfer, by increasing the heat transfer fluid conductivity and the heat transfer area respectively. Use of a diverging duct with a jet at inlet section may further increase heat transfer by creating recirculation zones inside the duct. In this work two-dimensional incompressible laminar flow of a nanofluid e...

biliary papillomatosis is a disorder characterized by numerous adenomatous polyps of variable distribution and extent in intrahepatic bile ducts. it should be considered as a premalignant condition because a high proportion of the lesions undergo malignant transformation. in this report, we present a patient with abdominal pain and jaundice. according to his presenting signs and symptoms, ercp ...

Metamodels are developed and used for aerodynamic optimization of a ducted opening integrated into high-rise building to maximize the amplification factor within duct. The duct consists nozzle, throat, diffuser. 211 high-resolution 3D RANS CFD simulations performed generate training testing datasets. space-filling design Genetic algorithm data sampling optimization, respectively. performance fi...

Ducts are used to carry fluid in various applications in HVAC systems, thermal power plants, cement and other process industries. Such ducts are generally subjected to failure due to cyclic stresses either caused by high temperature fluctuations, mechanical vibrations or due acoustic vibrations caused due to the fluid flowing through the ducts. In this paper we study the failure of one such duc...