نتایج جستجو برای: poultry markets
تعداد نتایج: 80376 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The use of selenium as animal feed supplement in Serbia was approved in 1989 for some categories of pigs, sheep and poultry. From 2000 selenium in animal feed became a requirement for all categories of farm animals. The aim of this study was to determine the consumption of selenium by Serbian livestock and in poultry production between 1990-1991 and 2000-2008 and to analyze the selenium content...
H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are highly prevalent and of low pathogenicity in domestic poultry. These viruses show a high genetic compatibility with other subtypes of AIVs and have been involved in the genesis of H5N1, H7N9 and H10N8 viruses causing severe infection in humans. The first case of human infection with H9N2 viruses in Hunan province of China have been confirmed in November 2...
BACKGROUND Avian influenza viruses have caused human infection and posed the pandemic potential. Live poultry markets are considered as a source of human infection with avian influenza viruses. Avian influenza routine surveillance of live poultry markets is taken annually in China. We isolated the 2 H11N9 influenza virus from the surveillance program. To better understand the risk caused by the...
STUDY QUESTION Can avian influenza A (H7N9) virus be transmitted between unrelated individuals in a hospital setting? METHODS An epidemiological investigation looked at two patients who shared a hospital ward in February 2015, in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Samples from the patients, close contacts, and local environments were examined by real time reverse transcriptase (rRT) polymerase...
BACKGROUND Surveillance for influenza viruses within live bird markets (LBMs) has been recognized as an effective tool for detecting circulating avian influenza viruses (AIVs). In Sub-Saharan Africa, limited data exist on AIVs in animal hosts, and in Kenya the presence of influenza virus in animal hosts has not been described. OBJECTIVES This surveillance project aimed to detect influenza A v...
To the Editor: China reported its first human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in late March 2013 (1). In the following weeks, 131 human infections were confirmed; 33 occurred in Shanghai (http://www. moh.gov.cn). Because infection with this novel virus had a high fatality rate and posed a pandemic risk, Shanghai disease control authorities launched rapid investigations to identify...
Human outbreaks with avian influenza have been, so far, constrained by poor viral adaptation to non-avian hosts. This could be overcome via co-infection, whereby two strains share genetic material, allowing new hybrid strains to emerge. Identifying areas where co-infection is most likely can help target spaces for increased surveillance. Ecological niche modeling using remotely-sensed data can ...
BACKGROUND The threat posed by highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 viruses to humans remains significant, given the continued occurrence of sporadic human cases (499 human cases in 15 countries) with a high case fatality rate (approximately 60%), the endemicity in poultry populations in several countries, and the potential for reassortment with the newly emerging 2009 H1N1 pandemic strain....
Diagnosis of resistance to chloroquine by Plasmodium vivax: timing of recurrence and whole blood levels. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997;56:621–6. 9. Pan-American Health Organization. Generic protocol for antimalarial drug-effi cacy studies in the Américas. Effi cacy of chlo-roquine for the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria. al. HPLC analysis of anti-malaria agent, chloroquine in blood and tissue f...
Introduction Since first isolated in 1986 in Europe (1) vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) have emerged as a major nosocomial pathogen. Since then, VRE have been reported at an increasing number in countries outside Europe and the USA, such as in Singapore (2), Japan (3), Australia (4), and Korea (5). VRE is also a concern in Malaysia, however cases of VRE in human hospitals are uncommon (...
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