In rabbit livers, it is not well known which segments of the hepatic vasculature are predominantly contracted by various vasoconstrictors. We determined effects of histamine, norepinephrine, and KCl on hepatic vascular resistance distribution in isolated rabbit livers perfused via the portal vein with 5% albumin-Krebs solution at a constant flow rate. Hepatic capillary pressure was measured by ...

Portal hypertension is the commonest cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children and up to 30% of cases with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage can be fatal. Extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO) is the commonest cause of portal hypertension in children and also one of the common causes in adults in India and other tropical countries (Arora, 1998; Poddar, 2008; Poddar 2000). In...

The mechanism of the pressor response to small muscle mass (e.g., forearm) exercise and during metaboreflex activation may include elevations in cardiac output (Q) or total peripheral resistance (TPR). Increases in Q must be supported by reductions in visceral venous volume to sustain venous return as heart rate (HR) increases. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that increases in Q, su...

The renewed interest which has taken place during the past half decade in the relief of portal hypertension by surgical means has called for precise methods of diagnosis, both of the cause and of the degree of portal hypertension. Knowledge of the normal variations in the portal blood pressure in man is still inadequate, and it is probable that an elevation considerably above the normal can occ...

Elevated hepatic venous pressure is the primary source of complications in advancing liver disease. Ultrasound imaging is ideal for potential noninvasive hepatic pressure measurements as it is widely used for liver imaging. Specifically, ultrasound based stiffness measures may be useful for clinically monitoring pressure, but the mechanism by which liver stiffness increases with hepatic pressur...

BACKGROUND & AIMS The potential use of losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, in the treatment of portal hypertension is still under debate. This randomized controlled trial compared the effects of losartan vs. propranolol on portal and systemic hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS Twenty-seven compensated patients were randomized to receive losartan 25 mg/day (n = 1...

Controversies on small-for-size (SFS) graft in liver transplantation have evolved in parallel with the history of living donor liver transplantation for adults. It is true that the liver regenerates rapidly within a limited threshold. But 'normal' liver weight itself is variable and the influences of variable liver graft and extrahepatic factors are not negligible in pathological condition. Cli...

To determine hemodynamic and morphological changes in the stomach of portal hypertensive rats, male WKA rats were given CCl4 subcutaneously in order to induce liver cirrhosis. The portal venous pressure of cirrhotic rats was significantly higher (17.7 cm H2O) than that of controls (10.5 cm H2O). Mucosal blood flow of the stomach in the portal hypertensive rat was increased (+ 46%) compared with...