Porous Ti with open porosity in the range of 70-80% has been made using Ti powder and a particulate leaching technique using porous, spherical, NaCl beads. By incorporating the Ti powder into a pre-existing network of salt beads, by tapping followed by compaction, salt dissolution and “sintering”, porous structures with uniform density, pore and strut sizes and a predictable level of connectivi...

Ti-based alloys are finding ever-increasing applications in biomaterials due to their excellent mechanical, physical and biological performance. Nowdays, low modulus β-type Ti-based alloys are still being developed. Meanwhile, porous Ti-based alloys are being developed as an alternative orthopedic implant material, as they can provide good biological fixation through bone tissue ingrowth into t...

Titanium thin films were deposited by dc magnetron sputtering. The GLancing Angle Deposition (GLAD) method was implemented to prepare two series of titanium films: perpendicular and oriented columnar structures. The first one was obtained with a conventional incidence angle of the sputtered particles ( = 0°), whereas the second one used a grazing incidence angle = 85°. Afterwards, films were an...

Magnetically manipulated microrobots are demonstrated for targeted cell transportation. Full three-dimensional (3D) porous structures are fabricated with an SU-8 photoresist using a 3D laser lithography system. Nickel and titanium are deposited as a magnetic material and biocompatible material, respectively. The fabricated microrobots are controlled in the fluid by external magnetic fields. Hum...

Titanium-based coated electrodes are considered to be a substitute for Pb-based anodes because of their lower weights and energy consumption; however, properties service lives affected by the matrix structure. Herein, metal oxide coating was prepared via thermal oxidation decomposition 5 μm-porous titanium plate. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that on porous plate strengthened in...

Among the various methods existing to fabricate porous titanium for structural or biomedical applications, the spaceholder approach is particularly useful as it allows a close control of pore size, shape and fraction. In this method, a blend of pure or alloyed titanium powders and space-holder materials are cold-pressed into a preform which is sintered in vacuum. During the early stage of sinte...

Biocompatibility testing of differently structured titanium implants was performed using an in vitro test system of a newly established human fetal osteoblastic cell line (hFOB 1.19). Cell adhesion of osteoblastic cells on the different porous geometries and the suitability of a copper vapor laser system for surface structuring was tested with the following parameters: cell-number, cell viabili...