Esox lucius is an economically important freshwater species. Mitochondrial cytb, 12SrRNA, and 16SrRNA gene sequences were used in order to clarify the genetic variation and population structure in three E. Lucius populations, i.e., one Wild population (W) and two hatchery populations (Hatchery Population I-HPI and Hatchery Population II-HPII). A total of 55 individuals, with 19 from wild and 1...

twenty accessions of cultivated grass pea (lathyrus sativus l.) and wild species of lathyrus l.collected from western and southern regions of iran were evaluated for their mitotic metaphase chromosomalcharacteristics. all populations comprising 16 populations of cultivated l. sativus and 4 wild populations oflathyrus l. were diploid, 2n=2x=14 chromosomes. there were significant variations among...

The analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) hypervariable region (HVR) sequence data from ancient human remains provides valuable insights into the genetic structure and population dynamics populations. mtDNA is particularly useful in studying populations, because it maternally inherited has a higher mutation rate compared to nuclear DNA. To determine three Colombian pre-Hispanic populations comp...

BACKGROUND The causes of recurrent waves in the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic are not fully understood. OBJECTIVES To identify the risk factors for influenza onset, spread and mortality in waves 1, 2 and 3 (summer, autumn and winter) in England and Wales in 1918-1919. METHODS Influenza mortality rates for 333 population units and putative risk factors were analysed by correlation and by regr...

Osmia (Osmia) bees are strictly univoltine and winter as diapausing adults. In these species, the timing of adult eclosion with the onset of wintering conditions is critical, because adults exposed to long pre-wintering periods show increased lipid loss and winter mortality. Populations from warm areas fly in February-March and are exposed to longer growth seasons than populations from colder a...