In a graph, a Clique-Stable Set separator (CS-separator) is a family C of cuts (bipartitions of the vertex set) such that for every clique K and every stable set S with K ∩S = ∅, there exists a cut (W,W ′) in C such that K ⊆W and S ⊆W ′. Starting from a question concerning extended formulations of the Stable Set polytope and a related complexity communication problem, Yannakakis [20] asked in 1...

We show how to construct an O p n separator decomposition of a planar graph G in O n time Such a decomposition de nes a binary tree where each node corresponds to a subgraph of G and stores an O p n separator of that subgraph We also show how to construct an O n way decomposition tree in parallel in O log n time so that each node corresponds to a subgraph of G and stores an O n separator of tha...

atechnical feasibility study has been conducted on production of nano- and micro-fibrils from nylon 6/polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride/polypropylene blended films. fibrils are prepared in four consecutive steps.in the first step the polymers melt blended in an extruder with and without compatibilizers to produce chips; in the second step films are extruded from polymer blends chips, ...

The combined use of brush anodes and glass fiber (GF1) separators, and plastic mesh supporters were used here for the first time to create a scalable microbial fuel cell architecture. Separators prevented short circuiting of closely-spaced electrodes, and cathode supporters were used to avoid water gaps between the separator and cathode that can reduce power production. The maximum power densit...

Recycling lithium-ion batteries is crucial for the environment and sustainability of primary resources. In this paper, we report on characterization two grades black mass from spent (with typical lithium–nickel–manganese–cobalt oxide cathode compositions) their behavior during heating trials. This study paves way optimizing battery recycling processes by fully characterizing samples before afte...

We performed an experimental study to evaluate the mechanical properties of polyvinylidene fluoride sutures and to compare their use with that of standard polypropylene sutures for the circumferential, epitendinous suture of a flexor tendon repair. Polyvinylidene fluoride sutures had a smaller suture diameter, a greater knot pull strength and less delayed extension when under creep testing, tha...

Acoustic cell retention devices have provided a practical alternative for up to 50 L/day perfusion cultures but further scale-up has been limited. A novel temperature-controlled and larger-scale acoustic separator was evaluated at up to 400 L/day for a 10(7) CHO cell/mL perfusion culture using a 100-L bioreactor that produced up to 34 g/day recombinant protein. The increased active volume of th...

Plotkin, Rao, and Smith (SODA’97) showed that any graph with m edges and n vertices that excludes Kh as a depth O(l logn)-minor has a separator of size O(n/l + lh logn) and that such a separator can be found in O(mn/l) time. A time bound of O(m + n/l) for any constant ǫ > 0 was later given (W., FOCS’11) which is an improvement for non-sparse graphs. We give three new algorithms. The first has t...

A set of vertices S ⊆ V is called a safe separator for treewidth, if S is a separator of G, and the treewidth of G equals the maximum of the treewidth over all connected components W of G S of the graph, obtained by making S a clique in the subgraph of G, induced by W ∪ S. We show tha t such safe separators are a very powerful tool for preprocessing graphs when we want to compute their treewidt...

Litchi is a non-climacteric fruit (Wills et al. 2004) and it deteriorates very fast after harvest. Various technologies have been devised to minimize the post-harvest losses of litchi, one of such technologies is the use of PP bag & low temperature. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effects of thiLitchi is a non-climacteric fruit and it deteriorates very fast after harvest. Vario...