Corn mitochondria in 100 millimolar KCl show accelerated passive swelling upon addition of uncoupler. This unusual response has been compared with swelling produced by valinomycin, tripropyltin, and nigericin. It is concluded that the driving force for swelling lies with the chloride gradient and a high P(Cl):P(K) ratio, the chloride influx creating a negative membrane potential. The action of ...

The influence of nine synthetic polyamines on in vitro transcription with T7 RNA polymerase has been studied. The compounds used were linear or macrocyclic tetra- and hexaamine, varying in their size, shape and number of protonated groups. Their effect was tested on different types of templates, all presenting the T7 RNA promoter in a double-stranded form followed by sequences encoding short tr...

We investigate atomistic mechanisms governing hydrogen release and uptake processes in ammonia borane (AB) within the framework of the density functional theory. In order to determine the most favorable pathways for the thermal inter-conversion between AB and polyaminoborane plus H(2), we calculate potential energy surfaces for the corresponding reactions. We explore the possibility of enclosin...

A multi-component polyoxometalate based on earth-abundant elements (NH4)10[Co8(H2O)10V10Mo23O104(OH)6]·34.5H2O () has been successfully obtained and characterized. Furthermore, compound acted as a Lewis acid catalyst and promoted the conversion of carbon dioxide to a cyclic carbonate under mild reaction conditions.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(8)H(5)NO(6), both carboxyl groups are involved in inter-molecular centrosymmetric cyclic O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding associations, which give a zigzag chain structure extending along (2[Formula: see text]1). Weak π-π stacking inter-actions are also present [minimum ring centroid separation = 3.893 (4) Å].

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(9)H(20)N(+)·C(6)Cl(5)S(-), two cation-anion pairs are linked by N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds to produce a cyclic aggregate of R(4) (2)(8) type. The dimers are interconnected via π-π stacking [centroid-centroid distance = 3.851(2) Å] and weak C-H⋯Cl hydrogen-bonding inter-actions.

Multicomponent reactions involving polyfunctional 4-amino-5-carboxamido-1,2,3-triazole and cyclic carbonyl-containing CH-acids were studied under conventional thermal heating, microwave and ultrasonic irradiation. The features of the reactions studied were discussed and the optimized procedures for the synthesis of final triazolopyrimidines were elaborated. In contrast to the similar MCRs of nu...

Solubilization of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in aqueous gel phases formed by reversible, G-quadruplex self-assembly of guanosine monophosphate (GMP) alone or with guanosine (Guo) is described. Unlike other media and methods for aqueous solubilization of SWNTs, the guanosine gels ("G-gels") are found to readily disperse high (>mg/mL) concentrations of individual rather than bundled S...

In the structure of the title compound, CH(6)N(3) (+)·C(6)H(6)AsO(3) (-)·CH(5)N(3)·2H(2)O, the phenyl-arsonate anion participates in two R(2) (2)(8) cyclic hydrogen-bonding inter-actions, one with a guanidinium cation, the other with a guanidine mol-ecule. The anions are also bridged by the water mol-ecules, one of which completes a cyclic R(5) (3)(9) hydrogen-bonding association with the guani...

The title compound, C(13)H(12)O(2)S(2), belonging to the group of dioxoketene cyclic S,S-acetals, was prepared from the corresponding dione in high yield. In the structure, the C=O and C=C bonds are not coplanar, with O=C-C=C torsion angles of -36.8 (4) and -21.0 (4)°. The dithian ring has a twisted conformation.