The High-Performance Photovoltaic (HiPerf PV)Project was initiated by the U.S. Department of Energy to substantially increase the viability of photovoltaics (PV) for cost-competitive applications so that PV can contribute significantly to our energy supply and our environment in the 21st century. To accomplish this, the NCPV directs in-house and subcontracted research in high-performance polycr...

Fullerene (C60) films were prepared on Si, ITO, and Cu substrates by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. It was observed that the morphology and structure of fullerene films strongly depend on the substrates. Along with the interactions between fullerenes and substrates increasing from ITO, Si to Cu substrate, C60 forms small polycrystalline grains, large polycrystalline grains and full...

Cyclic voltammetric surface waves were found for monolayers of Ru(bpy)Z(bpyY+, where bpy’ is 4-methyl4’-(dodecyl-l-thiol)-2,2’-bipyridine, which spontaneously adsorbs onto conducting substrates (indium tin oxide, polycrystalline gold). On polycrystalline gold, the monolayer, probably attached via the thiol functional group, is oxidized in an aqueous oxalate medium to produce electrogenerated ch...

Interstellar extinction by fractal polycrystalline graphite clusters?, Andersen et al. Abstract Certain dust particles in space are expected to appear as clusters of individual grains. The morphology of these clusters could be fractal or compact. To determine how these structural features would affect the interpretation of the observed interstellar extinction peak at ∼ 4.6 µm, we have calculate...

Poly-Ge grown on SiO2 substrates by using one-step ultra-high vacuum chemical vapor deposition (UHVCVD) process with thin Si nucleation layers at very low deposition temperature (350 -C) was demonstrated. The results demonstrated that the polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) nucleation layer is needed for the growth of polycrystalline germanium (poly-Ge) on SiO2 substrates at low growth temperatur...

Lower mantle seismic scatterers are often interpreted in terms of subducted basaltic crust, which should contain free-silica phases that are seismically fast. However, free-silica phases are unstable in a peridotite lower mantle, as they react with ferropericlase (magnesiowustite) to form silicate perovskite. Nonetheless, conservative estimates and recent measurements of diffusion coefficients ...

The adsorption of CO on polycrystalline TiO2 was investigated by static adsorption microcalorimetry. The initial differential heat of adsorption (qdiff,0) of CO on polycrystalline titania is 40 kJ/mol, and the standard adsorption entropy (Deltas0) is -104 J mol(-1) K(-1). These results are consistent with those derived from temperature-programmed desorption and FTIR results in the literature. T...

Using a first-principles method, we investigate the structural and electronic properties of grain boundaries (GBs) in polycrystalline CdTe and the effects of copassivation of elements with far distinct electronegativities. Of the two types of GBs studied in this Letter, we find that the Cd core is less harmful to the carrier transport, but is difficult to passivate with impurities such as Cl an...

The motivation of the study is the development of a coupled approach able to account for the interaction between environment and plasticity in a polycrystalline material. The paper recalls first the constitutive equations used to describe the behaviour of the grain core and of the grain boundary (GB). The procedure that is applied to generate synthetic polycrystalline aggregates with an explici...

Investigating possible crystal effects in ion scattering from elemental surfaces, measurements of the positive ion fraction P+ are reported for He+ ions scattered from single and polycrystalline Cu surfaces. In the Auger neutralization regime, the ion yield is determined by scattering from the outermost atomic layer. For Cu(110) P+ exceeds that for polycrystalline Cu by up to a factor of 2.5, t...