Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth. The great abundance of cellulose places it at the forefront as a primary source of biomass for renewable biofuels. However, the knowledge of how plant cells make cellulose remains very rudimentary. Cellulose microfibrils are synthesized at the plasma membrane by hexameric protein complexes, also known as cellulose synthase complexes. The only ...

Dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis was performed before the isolation of cellulose from Eulaliopsis binata. And then, the effects of dilute acid hydrolysis on composition and structure of the cellulose was studied in detail. The results indicated that hemicellulose was dissolved mostly and that the lignin-hemicellulose-cellulose interactions were also partially disrupted during the dilute acid hyd...

Carbohydrate researchers may think it is reasonable to believe that the synthesis and structure of a crystalline b-1,4 glucan would be quite straightforward; however, this is not the case. The pitfalls and detours of research have been counterbalanced by exciting new discoveries in cellulose structure, biosynthesis, and molecular biology. Cellulose exists in crystalline and noncrystalline state...

Bacterial cellulose is a strong, highly pure form of cellulose that is used in a range of applications in industry, consumer goods and medicine. Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC 53582 is one of the highest reported bacterial cellulose producing strains and has been used as a model organism in numerous studies of bacterial cellulose production and studies aiming to increased cellulose productivit...

Cellulose is a renewable and biodegradable natural biopolymersynthesized mainly in plants such as wood, bark, cotton fiber, green algae, some bacteria and animals. Pre-treatment processes such as alkaline purification and enzymatic purification are applied in order to create a proper sorption characteristic of regenerated cellulose fiber. Prior to the application of cellulose/cellulose derivati...

Because of its high biocompatibility, bio-degradability, low-cost and easy availability, cellulose finds application in disparate areas of research. Here we focus our attention on the most recent and attractive potential applications of cellulose in the biomedical field. We first describe the chemical/structural composition of cellulose fibers, the cellulose sources/features and cellulose chemi...

The crystallinity of cellulose is one of the main structural parameters determining properties like accessibility and reactivity of cellulose. Native cellulose (e.g., wood, pulp, cotton, kenaf, bacteria cellulose) consists of the cellulose I, regenerated cellulose consists of the cellulose II modification. WAXS (wide angle X-ray scattering) is the standard method for the determination of crysta...

Cellulases are enzymes that normally digest cellulose; however, some are known to play essential roles in cellulose biosynthesis. Although some endogenous cellulases of plants and cellulose-producing bacteria are reportedly involved in cellulose production, their functions in cellulose production are unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that disruption of the cellulase (carboxymethylcellulas...

Novel thin and smooth deuterated cellulose films were synthesised to visualize adsorbed bio-macromolecules using contrast variation neutron reflectivity (NR) measurements. Incorporation of varying degrees of deuteration into cellulose was achieved by growing Gluconacetobacter xylinus in deuterated glycerol as carbon source dissolved in growth media containing D2O. The derivative of deuterated c...