Computer scientists and social scientists consider the political districting problem from different viewpoints. This paper gives an overview of both strands of the literature on districting in which the connections and the differences between the two approaches are highlighted.

Abstract We study the value of political connections directors on Chinese boards. build a new dataset that measures to members Politburo via past school ties, and find private firms with politically connected in boardroom get average about 16% higher subsidies over sales per firm (7 million yuan). Connected state-owned enterprises (SOEs) access debt at 11% cheaper cost, which translates into sa...

This study aims to determine the effect of political connections, ownership structure (managerial and institutional ownership), audit quality toward earnings management. Earnings management in this is measured by discretionary accruals using modified Jones model. By purposive sampling, gets 262 non-financial companies listed Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2017-2019 as samples (786 observations...