IN late medieval England, the number of persons literate in the vernacular was growing rapidly.' The same interest in self-improvement which led these people to learn to read also led them to seek out, or to sponsor the production of, works that would make available to them knowledge from both antique and earlier medieval sources knowledge to which as yet, for the most part, only those who coul...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Although peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is being performed more frequently, the learning curve for gastroenterologists performing the procedure has not been well studied. The aims of this study were to define the learning curve for POEM and determine which preoperative and intraoperative factors predict the time that will be taken to complete the procedure and its d...

is an idiopathic motility disorder that results from degeneration of the myenteric plexus in the wall of the esophagus and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). 1 In esopha-geal manometry, achalasia is characterized by impaired relaxation of LES and loss of peristalsis in the body of the esophagus. Achalasia results in severe dysphagia for solids and liquids. Additional symptoms can also develo...

BACKGROUND Although there are screening tools to aid clinicians in assessing the risk of opioid misuse, an instrument to assess opioid-related knowledge is not currently available. The purpose of this study was to develop a content-valid, understandable, readable, and reliable Patient Opioid Education Measure (POEM). METHODS Using concept mapping, clinicians caring for patients with chronic p...

Born in Stuttgart 1883, Oskar Rescher was a prolific Orientalist of the 20th century. He spent his life between Germany and Istanbul from 1909 to 1925 settled down Turkey 1925. studied many manuscripts found private collections, libraries, second-hand bookstores sold thousands various libraries Europe America. Although details have not been uncovered, Rescher’s manuscript sales are still being ...

Kafzade Abdülhay Çelebi (1589–1621), known under the pen name Faizi is, in spite of his prolificacy, an often-ignored figure modern literary historiography. Though oeuvre has been studied and short biographies him have written more than once about main lines life, a closer look at 17th-century primary sources reveal that some poems correspondence, including biographical information, are unstudi...

In this paper, we present the SharedCanvas model for describing the layout of culturally important, hand-written objects such as medieval manuscripts, which is intended to be used as a common input format to presentation interfaces. The model is evaluated using two collections from CATCHPlus not consulted during the design phase, each with their own complex requirements, in order to determine i...

Most Minangkabau manuscripts are collections of traditional mosques called "Surau Tarekat" in West Sumatra. Some them always crowded with congregations for pilgrimage. One is Surau Simaung, Nagari Sijunjung, Sijunjung Regency, and The development ancient Simaung's collection can be relevant to present future life. as a source value not meant go backwards but rather pick up existing ones pushed ...

The damage rate of endangered documents is very high by many ways. Such documents are usually not confined to the limited boundaries of the conventional library system, instead, that are scattered around and become the part of private collections, institutional collections and also official archives. When it becomes the part of a private collection, the possibility of damage is very high. Steps...

Scientific Workflow management systems have been largely adopted by data-intensive science communities. Many efforts have been dedicated to the representation and exploitation of provenance to improve reproducibility in data-intensive sciences. However, few works address the mining of provenance graphs to annotate the produced data with domain-specific context for better interpretation and shar...