With the establishment of the social security system in 1924, Chile started the path towards UHC. A key milestone was the creation of the National Health System in 1952, which offered public subsidized coverage for the poor [1]. Currently, after the partial privatization of social security in 1981 the health system is mixed, both in insurance and in service provision [2], and health insurance r...

OBJECTIVES To determine the mean, median and 10th and 90th percentile levels of fees and out-of-pocket costs to the patient for an initial consultation with a consultant physician; to determine any differences in fees and bulk-billing rates between specialties and between states and territories. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Analysis of 2015 Medicare claims data for an initial outpatient a...

A fter rapid government payment increases in the midto late 1990s, Medicare+Choice plans now face sharply reduced annual increases in government payments for basic Medicare benefits (Gold 2001a). In response, Medicare+Choice plans are cutting back on supplemental benefits and raising premiums (Gold and Achman 2001; Achman and Gold 2002a, 2002c).These changes have increased outof-pocket spending...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence and describe the profile of catastrophic expenditures and impoverishment due to household out-of-pocket payments, comparing the periods before and after the introduction of universal health care coverage (UC). METHODS Secondary data analyses of socioeconomic surveys on nationally representative households pre-UC in 2000 (n = 24,747) and post-UC in 2002 (n =...

BACKGROUND Out-of-pocket spending (OOPS) is the major payment strategy for healthcare in Nigeria. Hence, the paper assessed the determinants socio-economic status (SES) of OOPS and strategies for coping with payments for healthcare in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southeast Nigeria. This paper provides information that would be required to improve financial accessibility and equity in fi...

BACKGROUND Among the many challenges faced by the people of Bangladesh, the effects of climate change are discernibly threatening, impacting on human settlement, agricultural production, economic development, and human health. Bangladesh is a low-income country with limited resources; its vulnerability to climate change has influenced individuals to seek out health coping strategies. The object...

Background Provincial Health Accounts (PHA) as a subset of National Health Accounts (NHA) present financial information for health sectors. It leads to a logical decision making for policy-makers in order to achieve health system goals, especially Fair Financial Contribution (FFC). This study aimed to examine Health Accounts in Kerman Province.   Methods The present analytical study was carried...

BACKGROUND The burden of chronic conditions is on the rise in India, necessitating long-term support from healthcare services. Healthcare, in India, is primarily financed through out-of-pocket payments by households. Considering scarce evidence available from India, our study investigates whether and how out-of-pocket payments for outpatient care affect individuals with chronic conditions. ME...

BACKGROUND A previous systematic review reported that increase in patients' medication cost-sharing reduced patients' adherence to medication. However, a study among patients with medication subsidies who received medication at no cost found that medication nonadherence was also high. To our knowledge, no study has evaluated the influence of different medication payment schemes on patients' med...

BackgroundComparable estimates of household health spending and out-of-pocket (OOP) payment on care in India are a daunting task. Often these provided for specific services such as maternal care, type disease, hospitalisation, outpatient an episode hospitalisation. This paper presents comprehensive comparable hospitalisation over the past 15 years.MethodsA total 73,868 households 2004, 65,932 2...