Since 1942, Canada’s Income Tax Act has provided tax relief to taxpayers who spend substantial amounts of their income on out-of-pocket medical expenses. Since 1988, this relief comes in the form of a tax credit, an amount that is directly deductible against income tax payable. Not all medical expenses are eligible. In particular, the statutory scheme excludes some, but not all, medical service...

background one of the main objectives of health systems is the financial protection against out-of-pocket (oop) health expenditures. oop health expenditures can lead to catastrophic payments, impoverishment or poverty among households. in iran, health sector evolution plan (hsep) has been implemented since 2014 in order to achieve universal health coverage and reduce the oop health expenditures...

OBJECTIVE: The Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act required health plans to provide mental health and substance use disorder (MH/SUD) benefits on par with medical benefits beginning in 2010. Previous research found that parity significantly lowered average out-of-pocket (OOP) spending on MH/SUD treatment of children. No evidence is available on how par...

This report focuses on two questions of current interest to policymakers. First, "What percent of U.S. families experience financially burdensome health expenses?" and, second, "What are the determinants of financially burdensome health expenses among U.S. families?" The first question is addressed by examining how the distribution in the United States of families with financially burdensome he...

Objectives: Korea achieved universal population coverage through national health insurance in 1989. However, out-of-pocket payments (OOP) still accounted for 36% of total health expenditure in 2006. This paper aims to provide evidence for improving the benefit package through analyzing household financial burden. Methods: OOP and the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure were analysed us...

BACKGROUND The amount of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments within the German health care system has risen steadily within the last years. OOP payments aim to strengthen patients' cost awareness and try to restrict the demand on medical necessary treatments. However, besides the intended decline of non-induced health care services there's a risk that people also forgo necessary treatments because the...

The relationship between socioeconomic factors and antibiotic resistance (ABR) prevalence remains a knowledge gap in China. In this study, our aim was to examine the association ABR across 30 provinces mainland We used two measures of level ABR: proportion methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (3GCREC), Klebsiella pneumonia...

BackgroundComparable estimates of household health spending and out-of-pocket (OOP) payment on care in India are a daunting task. Often these provided for specific services such as maternal care, type disease, hospitalisation, outpatient an episode hospitalisation. This paper presents comprehensive comparable hospitalisation over the past 15 years.MethodsA total 73,868 households 2004, 65,932 2...

Jaminan kesehatan nasional menjamin pelayanan secara menyeluruh, mulai dari peningkatan (promotif), pencegahan sakit (preventif), pengobatan penyakit (kuratif), dan pemulihan (rehabilitatif), termasuk obat-obatan bahan medis habis pakai. Khusus untuk rawat inap, terdapat perbedaan manfaat akomodasi, akomodasi dibedakan atas 3 kelas perawatan (kelas 1, 2, 3) sesuai dengan besar iuran JKN yang di...