Davis, D.S., P.E. Ashby, K.L. McCale, J.A. McQuain, and J.M. Wine. The effectiveness of 3 stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility using consistent stretching parameters. J. Strength Cond. Res. 19(1):27–32. 2005.—This study compares the effects of 3 common stretching techniques on the length of the hamstring muscle group during a 4-week training program. Subjects were 19 young adults betw...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of core strengthening combined with pelvic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on trunk impairment, balance, gait, and functional ability of chronic stroke patients. Twenty-three participants with chronic stroke were recruited and randomly allocated to one of the two groups: core strengthening combined with pelvic PNF (group 1, n...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) scapular and pelvic patterns might decrease the pain index and increase the lumbar flexibility of obese patients with low back pain. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty obese patients with low back pain were randomly assigned to an experimetal group (n=15) and a control group (...

The purpose of this study was to determine what kind of resistive exercise of the sound limb causes the most effective cross-education, which is defined as the muscle activity of the unexercised limb during contralateral exercise, by analyzing the force and electrical activity of the affected muscle. Six orthopedic patients with unilateral lower extremity impairment that resulted in unexercised...

To find out the efficacy of different PNF stretching techniques in improving Hamstring muscle flexibility.Study Design included prepost test control group design. Participants were 30 male students from King Saud University between the age group of 18 to 24 years having Hamstring tightness and without any musculoskeletal disorders formed the sample of this study. Subject’s age, height and weigh...

Plexiform neurofibroma (PNF) arises as a diffuse mass from nerve trunk and leads to overgrowth of cutis and subcutis structure. This is a case report of 20-year-old male, presented to our hospital with a giant ulcerated swelling over his left arm. Differential diagnosis of sarcoma, neurofibroma, hemangioma and angiolipoma was made but biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of plexiform neurofibroma. Is...

In this paper, the authors using two inequalities and Ricatti type transformation obtained some new oscillation results for the second order nonlinear neutral type difference equations of the form ∆(an∆(xn + cnxn−k)) + pnf(xn+1−l)− qng(xn+1−m) = 0, and ∆(an∆(xn − cnxn−k)) + pnf(xn+1−l)− qng(xn+1−m) = 0. The obtained results improve, extend and generalize some of the known results. Further examp...

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term effects a static versus proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching protocols by means spinometry and baropodometry. We hypothesized that PNF may be more effective than in supporting dynamic balance. Methods Thirty-six sport science students were divided into three groups: first group attended warm-up protoco...

introduction: preparation of neuromuscular system prior to performing motor skills affects the learning of motor skills. the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (pnf) on limb coordination and accuracy in dart throwing skill. methods: thirty two male students were randomly selected as study sample. based on the pretest scores, the p...