Primary pneumonic plague is a well recognised form of the disease, but on account of its comparative rarity it has not attracted much attention and very little has been done to establish its bionomics and in particular its relationship to the more common bubonic variety of the disease. This is the more surprising since it presents certain well marked characteristics both clinical and epidemiolo...

Intranasal instillation is a widely used procedure for pneumonic delivery of drugs, vaccine candidates, or infectious agents into the respiratory tract of research mice. However, there is a paucity of published literature describing the efficiency of this delivery technique. In this report we have used the murine model of tularemia, with Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (FTLVS) infect...

Pneumonia is a common cause of pediatric hospitalization and almost 50% of children hospitalized for pneumonia develops meta pneumonic pleural effusion, most of which resolve spontaneously (1). The meta pneumonic effusion remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population and is a complication on the rise in both the U.S. (2) and Europe (3-6). There is no uniformity o...

Inhalation of Yersinia pestis causes pneumonic plague, which rapidly progresses to death. A previously licensed killed whole-cell vaccine is presently unavailable due to its reactogenicity and inconclusive evidence of efficacy. The present study now shows that vaccination intranasally (i.n.) with inactivated Y. pestis CO92 (iYp) adjuvanted with interleukin-12 (IL-12) followed by an i.n. challen...

79/F Pneumonic Serology Gm 500 for 18 d Yes; yes 48/M Ulceroglandular Culture Gm 750 for 28 d Yes; no 65/F Typhoidal Serology 750 for 14 d No 65/F Ulceroglandular Serology 750 for 28 d No 40/F Ulceroglandular Serology Dox 750 for 28 d Yes; no 38/F Ulceroglandular Serology 750 for 10 d Yes 47/F Oculoglandular Serology Dox, Gm 750 for 28 d Yes; yes; yes 65/F Ulceroglandular Serology Dox 750 for 2...

BACKGROUND Pneumonic tularemia is caused by inhalation of the gram negative bacterium, Francisella tularensis. Because of concerns that tularemia could be used as a bioterrorism agent, vaccines and therapeutics are urgently needed. Animal models of pneumonic tularemia with a pathophysiology similar to the human disease are needed to evaluate the efficacy of these potential medical countermeasur...

Evidence is given of the presence in the cellular material obtained from the pneumonic lung of a proteolytic enzyme digesting coagulated blood serum at hydrogen ion concentrations of 7.3 to 6.7 and inactive at higher; i.e., more acid concentrations. In addition, evidence is brought forward of the presence in the cellular material from the pneumonic lung of a proteolytic enzyme splitting peptone...

Benzylpenicillin potassium (penicillin G) is a narrow-spectrum penicillin (active against Grampositive aerobes, facultative aerobes and obligate anaerobes), often used in rabbits for treatment of pasteurellosis, odontogenic abscesses and treponematosis. However, several dosages and treatment regimes have been advocated; three times daily, once a day, or once every two or seven days (Welch et al...

Pneumonia is an emerging problem in dromedary camels, while no data concerning the diagnostic importance of acute phase proteins and oxidative stress markers in pneumonic camel calves are available. Twenty five spontaneously pneumonic camel calves were used in this study. In addition, 25 healthy camel calves were used as control group. Blood samples were collected from both groups for determina...