The aim of this paper was twofold: first, to present a virtual instrument for characterization of the cataract severity in the lens of the eye, based on the indirect measurements of ultrasound attenuation coefficient, second, to evaluate the instrument in vitro by assessment of measurement errors in case of the four different phantoms with a priory known characteristics (pure water, castor oil,...

Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are implicated in inflammatory diseases triggered by stress. Acute restraint stress increases serum IL-6 in the blood, but its source is not known. Our current study was carried out in order to determine the contribution of mast cells to stress-induced IL-6 release and to investigate skin CRH and vascular permeability in mice. W/W(v...

The capability to perceive and emit alarm substances, such as 2-heptanone, makes animals aware of the presence of danger, leading to some strategies directed towards survival. Strategies of survival involve emotional memory which is processed by deep temporal lobe structures, such as amygdaloid complex and hippocampus. In the Wistar rat, 2-heptanone produces anxiety-like behavior and an increas...

BACKGROUND The leaves of Vaccinium arctostaphylos (Qare qat) is advocated for the treatment of hypertension in Iran' folk medicine. The objective of was to examine the possible hypotensive activity of aqueous extract of Vaccinium arctostaphylos leaves in rat model of two-kidney, one-clip hypertension. METHODS Rats were subjected to sham operation of the placement of Plexiglass clip on left re...

A system was developed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of gaseous oxides in vitro. Target cells were MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts cultivated as monolayers on gas-permeable , FEP-Teflon membranes. Membranes were secured in Chamber/Dishes with a 25 mm diameter well. To promote attachment of fibroblasts to the membranes, the latter were incubated in collagen ( Vitrogen ) solutions for 10 min p...

Both conventional and limited-angle computed-tomography (CT) are ill-posed problems, but where conventional CT has a small null space with few dimensions, limitedangle CT has a much larger null space and is severely ill-posed. The nature of the illposedness of limited-angle CT dictates that any limited-angle reconstruction method must interpolate from partial data in the Fourier domain. Large a...

Abstract Cyanobacteria are considered to be among the first microorganisms settle in hot springs where they form a favourable environment for further biological establishment. Nevertheless, exact pioneer species and how early start participating biomineralisation processes remain unknown. The aim of present study was twofold, that is, identify (i.e. Aedipsos area, Greece) record their processes...

The peculiarities of light beam expansion in plasma upon irradiation condensed targets with a powerful UV laser pulse are studied the help mathematical modeling. Experiments were carried out at Lebedev Physical Institute Russian Academy Sciences use GARPUN installation: KrF that irradiated two-layer consisting aluminum foil and plexiglass layer. Channels stretched along direction incidence foun...

The epithelial tissue forming the posterior aspect of the apical foramen in the upper incisor of the rat was reconstructed from 1 μm thick serial cross sections. Like the lower incisor, this portion of the odontogenic organ in the upper incisor was composed of a bulbous and a "U"-shaped part. However, the bulbous part was considerably blunter and the "U"-shaped part much larger in circumference...