The use of heavier trucks demanded upgrading of a twenty-seven year old bridge in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Analysis of the precast prestressed concrete girders using the current AASHTO Code indicates a deficiency in the shear capacity. Shear strengthening using Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheets provides a low-cost solution by increasing the speed of construction and reducing traf...

The person’s way of thinking has a limit. There is a possibility that the better design pattern exists outside of their own ideas. In recent years, complicated structural analysis became possible by performance improvement of computer. The free structure forms which are not constrained by columns and girders became possible. The purpose of this study is the construction of the idea support syst...

The National Bridge Inventory (NBI) includes more than 600,000 bridges within the United States of Prestressed concrete girder bridges represent one of the most widely used bridge systems. The majority of these girder bridges were constructed using 0.5 and 0.6 inch diameter strands. The main impediments to using larger strand diameters are: 1) bed capacities, 2) lack of structural knowledge reg...

On November 5, 1993, the City of Calgary completed the construction of the first smart prestressed concrete highway bridge built in Canada. A total of six pretensioned girders of a continuous two span skew highway bridge were prestressed using carbon fibre composite cables (CrCC) developed by Tokyo Rope, and Leadline rods produced by Mitsubishi Kasei, Japan. This paper describes the constructio...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects hole/holes on stress concentrations in a plate using current industry standard software - Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Plate with common engineering application such as automobile, marine, aerospace and mechanical structures. Hole/Holes can be seen many thin-walled automobile structures components. For example, are found residential/comm...