Herein, the implications of silicone contamination found in solution-processed conjugated polymer solar cells are explored. Similar to a previous work based on molecular cells, we find this contamination as a result of the use of plastic syringes during fabrication. However, in contrast to the molecular case, we find that glass-syringe fabricated devices give superior performance than plastic-s...

We discuss a new solution algorithm for solving elastoplastic problems with hardening. The one time-step elastoplastic problem can be formulated as a convex minimization problem with a continuous but non-smooth functional dependening on unknown displacement smoothly and on the plastic strain non-smoothly. It is shown that the functional structure allows the application of the Moreau-Yosida Theo...

This paper presents findings of a railroad ballast Discrete Element Modeling (DEM) research study focused on investigating ballast settlement under repeated wheel loading. In this approach, the ballast layer is modeled as an assembly of aggregate particles, AREMA No. 24 ballast gradation with different shapes and angularities and rough surface textures. The study matrix considered three differe...

the development of yielded or failure zone due to an engineering construction is a subject of study in different disciplines. in petroleum engineering, depletion from and injection of gas into a porous rock can cause development of a yield zone around the reservoir. studying this phenomenon requires elasto-plastic analysis of geomaterial, in this case the porous rocks. in this study, which is a...

We consider the adiabatic shearing of an incompressible non-Newtonian liquid with temperature dependent viscosity, subjected to steady shearing of the boundary. Identical equations govern the plastic shearing of a solid exhibiting thermal softening and strain rate sensitivity with constitutive relation obeying a certain power law. We establish that every classical solution approaches a uniform ...

It is generally known that severe plastic deformation processes with back pressure not only apply higher hydrostatic stress and more deformation compared to what a regular process can apply to a workpiece but also prevent surface defects in the workpiece during the process. Hydrostatic cyclic expansion extrusion (HCEE) was developed recently for processing long ultrafine-grained metals and allo...

Plastic anisotropy significantly affects the behavior of structures and machine parts. Given many parameters that classify a structure made anisotropic material, analytic semi-analytic solutions are very useful for parametric analysis preliminary design such structures. The present paper is devoted to describing plastic collapse thin orthotropic hollow disk inserted into rigid container. subjec...

Elastic-plastic crack-tip fields and constraint levels in bending specimens under large-scale yielding (LSY) are examined. The J − A2 three-term solution is modified by introducing an additional term caused by the global bending. Three different methods, i.e. two-point matching, constant A2 and elastic stress estimation method, are proposed to determine the fourth term. It is shown that the ela...

Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) has in its cheek pouches sub-epithelium an "Immunologically Privileged Site" which allows the integration of homoand heterologous graft. This paper describes some anatomical and histological characteristics of that site, as well as analyzes aspects related with its immune properties. It also focuses the advantages of this experimental model over othe...

An alternative remeshing methodology for 3D Abaqus explicit analyses which utilizes mesh mapping is presented. Excessive element distortion in 3D large deformation analyses necessitates remeshing, however in Abaqus explicit, the standard 3D remeshing techniques limits the analyst’s choice of element type. The presented technique allows remeshing of 3D perfectly plastic fully integrated higher o...