Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is a subset clinical manifestation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which is usually caused by disruption of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque, followed by thrombosis resulting various degree of occlusions in coronary arteries. The exposure of tissue factors following the plaque rupture causes activation of coagulation cascades and formation of f...

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease due to lipid deposition in the arterial wall. Multiple mechanisms participate in the inflammatory process, including oxidative stress. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has been linked to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show enhanced XO express...

Investigations were conducted to determine the in vitro effects of low levels of penicillin and sulfadiazine on the growth, plaque formation, and agglutination of Streptococcus mutans and on the synthesis and activity of enzymes synthesizing extracellular polymers. The concentrations tested were equivalent to those expected in the saliva of subjects receiving oral therapy with the agents. Penic...

objective(s): atherosclerosis is the main leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. the purpose of this study was to assess the potential preventive effect of egg yolk hdl on the atherosclerosis plaque formation. materials and methods: thirty rabbits were divided into five groups: a; normal diet, b; hyper-cholesterolemic diet, c; hypercholesterolemic + 400 mg/kg egg yolk hdl d; hypercholesterol...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the use of a chitosan mouthrinse could be efficacious in reducing plaque and saliva mutans streptococci level. A randomized crossover clinical trial was performed to evaluate the effect of a rinse with 0.5% chitosan for 14 days on plaque formation and mutans streptococci counts in saliva. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned eit...

Recently, a novel antibacterial fluoride dentifrice containing stannous fluoride and sodium hexametaphosphate (Crest ® PRO-HEALTHTM) was introduced. A digital plaque image analysis (DPIA) technique was used to quantify in situ plaque formation in a population carrying out a phased intervention protocol that included: (1) an initial treatment regimen including toothbrushing with standard sodium ...

Considerable evidence supports that the CD4(+) T cell-mediated immune response contributes to the development of atherosclerotic plaque. However, the effects of Th17 cells on atherosclerosis are not thoroughly understood. In this study, we evaluated the production and function of Th17 and Th1 cells in atherosclerotic-susceptible ApoE(-/-) mice. We observed that the proportion of Th17 cells, as ...

Apolipoprotein-E knockout (ApoE(-/-)) mice develop hypercholesterolemia and are a useful model of atherosclerosis. Hypercholesterolemia alters intracellular Ca(2+) signalling in vascular endothelial cells but our understanding of these changes, especially in the early stages of the disease process, is limited. We therefore determined whether carbachol-mediated endothelial Ca(2+) signals differ ...

In the 1990s, significant efforts and investments were made in the development of imaging technologies with the objective of visualizing and characterizing the atherosclerotic plaque. Although angiography still is the indisputable first choice for the clinical diagnosis of coronary artery luminal narrowing, new imaging modalities are likely to stay to provide surrogate markers for disease progr...

Kidney stone disease, or nephrolithiasis, is a common ailment. Among the different risk factors usually associated with nephrolithiasis are dehydration, metabolic defects (especially with regard to calcium and oxalate). The presence of a mineral deposit at the surface of the renal papilla (termed Randall's plaque) has all been recently underlined. Of note, Randall's plaque is made of the calciu...