OBJECTIVEdImpaired insulin sensitivity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Although calorie restriction and weight loss increase insulin sensitivity, the effects of modifying macronutrient composition on insulin sensitivity are uncertain. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects on insulin sensitivity of a carbohydrate-rich diet (CARB; similar to the Dietary Approaches to...

Plant factories have attracted increasing attention because they can produce fresh fruits and vegetables free from pesticides in all weather. However, the emission spectra from current light sources significantly mismatch the spectra absorbed by plants. We demonstrate a concept of using multiple broad-band as well as narrow-band solid-state lighting technologies to design plant-growth light sou...

Plant-derived protein sources are the most relevant substitutes for fishmeal in aquafeeds. Nevertheless, the effects of plant based diets on the intestinal microbiome especially of juvenile Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are yet to be fully investigated. The present study demonstrates, based on 16S rDNA bacterial community profiling, that the intestinal microbiome of juvenile Rainbow trout...

the objectives for this study were first to understand and estimate energy consumption in each stage of production and processing of milk using regional data and second, suggesting improvement opportunities. a cradle to gate assessment of market milk was performed by separating the system into three stages: agronomy, animal farm and processing plant. data were collected from multiple sources e....

A tubulin-like protein was identified in the lower eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The following criteria were used: (i) copolymerization of the 35S-labeled yeast protein with porcine brain tubulin; (ii) immunoprecipitation of the 35S-labeled yeast protein with antiflagellar tubulin antibody; (iii) the presence of the yeast protein as a constituent of isolated yeast nuclei; and (iv) splitti...

Glutamine is the primary metabolite of nitrogen assimilation from inorganic nitrogen sources in microorganisms and plants. The ability to monitor cellular nitrogen status is pivotal for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and sustaining growth. The present study identifies a glutamine-sensing mechanism common in the entire plant kingdom except Brassicaceae. The plastid-localized PII signaling pro...

Few studies have examined the association between specific sources of protein and blood lipids in a national sample of adults. We examined this relationship in a sample of adults 20 years and older who participated in phase 1 (1988-91) of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative sample of the United States non-institutionalized population. After excluding tho...

The weaning of piglets is often associated with digestive disorders, particularly diarrhea--postweaning colibacillosis (PWC)--which is caused by infection with enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. It has been shown previously that a diet for newly weaned pigs based on cooked white rice and animal protein decreases the occurrence of PWC, whereas the addition of carboxymethylcellulose (CM...

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the devastating plant viruses in the world that infects more than 200 plant species. Movement protein plays a supportive role in the movement of other plant viruses, and viral coat protein is highly expressed in infected plants and affects replication and movements of TMV. In order to investigate genetic variation in the terminal fragment sequence in Iranian...