The pituitary gland adapts the proportion of each of its endocrine cell types to meet differing hormonal demands throughout life. There is circumstantial evidence that multipotent adult progenitor cells contribute to this plasticity, but these cells have not been identified. Here, we describe a small (<0.05%) population of progenitor cells in the adult pituitary gland. We show that these cells ...

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) is a hormone precursor produced mainly in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. In the pituitary, post-translational processing of POMC generates secretory peptide hormones – principally, the adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Previous studies showed that administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to neonatal rat induces several neuroendocrine, metabolic and behavioral ...

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pituitary calcifications using cone beam computed tomography in a group of Turkish individuals. Material and methods: Cone beam computed tomography scans in the axial, coronal and sagittal planes of the pituitary gland of 284 patients were examined for evidence of pituitary calcification. Results: In the cone beam compute...

A detailed evaluation of the MR appearance of the pituitary gland-cavernous sinus junction has not been described. In a series of coronal T1-weighted spin echo images without and with IV gadolinium, we noted the variable size and signal intensity of cavernous venous spaces adjacent to the pituitary gland and the inconsistent visualization of the dural membrane just lateral to the gland. Correla...

The pituitary gland has come to be regarded as the master key of the endocrine system in so far as it influences the activity of the remaining glands, but a reciprocal influence in the opposite direction is equally important. Hypophysectomy results in diminished function and some degree of. atrophy in the gonads, adrenals, thyroid, pancreas, and less certainly of the parathyroids; and conversel...

During a 5-year experience with 32 adrenal tumors with different basic problems in the Department of Endocrinology , Taleghani Hospital, 25 were found pituitary dependent Cushing's syndrome, "Cushing's disease." The treatment of patients with Cushing's disease depends on the presence or absence of pituitary tumor. Ifno pituitary tumor is demonstrated, irradiation can be given to the pituit...

Pituitary adenoma is a benign neoplasm of pituitary gland. adenoma, particularly macroadenoma,may produce mass effect symptoms by compressing surrounding tissues. Due to function as aneuroendocrine organ, may also cause multiple endocrine disturbances. The authors reportthe case 39-year-old male patient presenting with chronic headache and history seizure. MRI imagingrevealed macroadenoma optic...

Ectopic salivary gland tissue in sellar turcica is frequently observed in microscopic examination at autopsy. This tissue is considered clinically silent. Only 2 symptomatic cases have been previously reported. Here we report a 28-year-old woman presenting with galactorrhea and hyperprolactinemia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 6 x 5-mm nodule in the posterior aspect of the pituitary gla...

To my mind, the high point in the entire volume is the introductory paragraph to the set piece written by Professor Honjo, a noted molecular biologist. Here he states with elegance and eloquence the importance to a working scientist of problems in which only the barest outlines are perceived. Professor Honjo describes it far better than I can, so I quote him, in hopes that it will encourage peo...

This article reviews published evidence on the diagnosis and classification of pituitary gland tumours and the relevance of histological and genetic features to prognosis. Much of the literature is devoted to the histological, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical classification of pituitary adenomas (extensively supported by multicentre studies), with little consensus on the identification o...