Pituitary apoplexy occurs as a very rare complication following pituitary function tests. Signs and symptoms are due to the rapid expansion of an infarcted and/or haemorrhagic pituitary adenoma. We report a case of macroadenoma, in which pituitary apoplexy developed 30 minutes after administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injections. Magne...

Appropriate regulation of reproductive processes are dependent upon the integrity of pituitary function. In this selected review, we evaluate the evidence that certain environmental compounds exert their effect on reproductive function via a direct action on the pituitary gland. We also discuss examples of changes in pituitary hormone secretion that occur in response to changes in neuronal or g...

Pituitary macroadenomas and macroadenocarcinomas are being increasingly recognized in veterinary medicine. The term macroadenoma is poorly defined in veterinary medicine. Because pituitary imaging is not routinely performed in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH), the true incidence of pituitary macroadenomas is unknown but may range from 15% to 75% of dogs with PDH. Recent ...

Pituitary abscess is a rare intrasellar infectious disease. It is usually treated with a combination of surgical drainage and intravenous antibiotics. We describe the case of a 38-year-old man with headache, fever, left earache, subsequent diabetes insipidus, and anterior pituitary insufficiency due to pituitary abscess, which was confirmed on the basis of clinical symptoms, laboratory examinat...

Apoplectic pituitary adenomas cause significant morbidity and even mortality. The pituitary apoplexy denotes a pituitary adenoma presenting with hemorrhage and/or infarction, implementation in remedial effects of various of drugs in pituitary apoplexy is a promising pharmacogenomic field in the near future adenoma treatment. Indisputably, this is an important horizon for complicated pituitary a...

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for psychosis (CBTp) aims to lower the stress of psychotic symptoms. Given that the pituitary is involved in stress regulation, CBT-led stress reduction may be accompanied by a change in pituitary volume. This study aimed to determine whether CBTp reduces pituitary volume in schizophrenia. The relation between pre-therapy memory and CBTp-led pituitary volume ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Currently available data on pituitary volume have been based on indirect methods of measurement and are mostly limited to adult populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the normal development of pituitary volume by means of direct measurements made on thin-section 3D MR acquisitions. METHODS The volume of the normal pituitary gland in children and adolesc...

The 'paired'-like homeodomain transcription factor Prop1 is essential for the expansion of the pituitary primordia and for the differentiation and/or function of the hormone-producing cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Prop1 expression is normally extinguished before transcription of most differentiation markers is initiated. We report that constitutive expression of Prop1 interferes with a...

Pituitary (hypophysis), the secreting gland located in the sella turcica, has fascinated the scientists since ages. In 1543 the Belgian scientist Andreas Vesalius described the anatomy of pituitary gland for the first time. He believed that pituitary produces mucus, which is secreted from the brain into the nasal cavity. This is why pituitary was called the mucous gland (glandula pituitaria; pi...

PURPOSE To evaluate treatment-related changes in pituitary gland morphology after childhood cancer and to compare these findings with growth data. METHODS Forty-three survivors of childhood cancer were evaluated by cranial MR imaging. Twenty-nine of the patients had received radiation therapy to the hypothalamic-pituitary axis with doses of 10 to 46 Gy. The height of the pituitary gland was m...