We have developed an objective procedure, using a modified retinal camera, to determine macular pigment (MP) optical density distributions in the human retina. Using two multi-band filters, reflectance maps of the retinas of young subjects (<25 years old) were obtained at 460, 528, 610 and 670 nm, without pupil dilation. The log-transformed maps were combined linearly to yield optical density m...

Although intracellular transport is a fascinating and vital function shared by diverse cell systems, our understanding of the processes involved remains incomplete, despite the enormous amount of attention it has received over the past 40 years (46). Recent work on pigment granule transport in chromatophores (e .g ., erythrophores, melanophores, and xanthophores), however, has begun to yield ne...

To produce gardenia blue pigment (GBP) by natural fermentation, a novel bacteria, Leifsonia sp. ZF2019, was isolated from the larvae of pest Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits and shown to be able convert yellow waste production (GYWP) into GBP. The fermentation medium growth conditions were screened, GBP yield, color value, stability compared those Aspergillus niger fermentation. ZF2019 effecti...

Climate variation throughout the year affects photosynthesis and other physiological processes correlated with plant development yield. This study aimed to evaluate changes in attributes of Coffea canephora genotypes over Brazilian Amazon assess their relationship crop The experiment was carried out three cultivation systems genotypes. evaluations were four periods: peak dry season (S1); beginn...

Much effort has been devoted to the synthesis of gold nanoparticles with different shapes, including the zero-dimensional nanospheres, one dimensional nanorods, and two-dimensional nanoplates. Compared to zero or one dimensional nanostructures, the synthesis of two-dimensional nanostructures in high yield has always been more involved, often requiring complex and timeconsuming steps such as mor...

Background: There is a growing demand for mass production of shikalkin (a natural pigment consisted of shikonin and alkannin) due to its increasing applications in cosmetics, pharmaceutical and nutrition industries. The root of Iranian Arnebia euchroma produces shikalkin. The promising capability of this plant for shikalkin production has already been demonstrated in cell culture studies. Obje...

The present study is designed to evaluate the application of a simple method for rapid identification of Malassezia furfur among other Malassezia spp. based on production of a brownish-red pigment and its diffusion into the medium containing L-tryptophan as a sigle source of nitrogen.  91 strains of Malassezia (20% M. furfur, 2% M. sympodialis, 5% M. obtosa and 73% M. globosa) isolated from ski...

In tropical no-till systems, applying lime (L) and phosphogypsum (PG) on the soil surface may be a potential strategy for reducing acidification improving soybean root growth, thereby enhancing plant nutrition physiological responses and, in turn, crop resistance to dry spells. This study evaluated impact of long-term (17 years) amendment fertility development, nutrition, gas exchange, carbon a...

Smirnovia iranica, a native valuable woody species from Fabaceae, is an adaptable plant of central sandy areas of Iran. Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic pigments characteristics were analyzed in the course of phenological stages including vegetative, flowering, seed ripening, and seed falling stages, respectively (VS, FS, SRS, and SFS). The results obtained from analysis o...

Duerre, John A. (University of North Dakota, Grand Forks), and Patrick J. Buckley. Pigment production from tryptophan by an Achromobacter species. J. Bacteriol. 90:1686-1691. 1965.-A microorganism was isolated from the soil near the University of North Dakota. Biochemical and morphological characteristics indicated that this organism would best be classified as a member of the family Achromobac...