Photosystem II (PSII) herbicides have been detected in nearshore tropical waters such as those of the Great Barrier Reef and may add to the pressure posed by runoff containing sediments and nutrients to threatened seagrass habitats. There is a growing number of studies into the potential effects of herbicides on seagrass, generally using large experimental setups with potted plants. Here we des...

Recently, the green synthesis of nanomaterials has grown in popularity and become one most used approaches. Plant extracts are safe for environment could be cost-effective nanoparticle preparation. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized using aqueous Nigella sativa (N. sativa) seeds. The formation AgNPs was confirmed by an X-ray diffractometer, a UV-visible spectrometer, transmissio...

The sorption of the allelochemical scopoletin (7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin) was studied in eight agricultural soils and different model sorbents. We also determined its degradation selected related results to expression phytotoxicity soil towards two plant species, Eruca vesicaria Hordeum vulgaris. Scopoletin sorbed a greater extent acid than alkaline soils. Correlations with properties indicat...

The effects of five nanomaterials (multiwalled carbon nanotubes [MWCNTs], Ag, Cu, ZnO, Si) and their corresponding bulk counterparts on seed germination, root elongation, and biomass of Cucurbita pepo (zucchini) were investigated. The plants were grown in hydroponic solutions amended with nanoparticles or bulk material suspensions at 1000 mg/L. Seed germination was unaffected by any of the trea...

Y ukiharu Sato, Toshinobu Hoshi, Tetsuji Iida, Chifuyu Ogino, B eate Nicolaus*, Ko W akabayashi, and P eter Böger* Graduate School of Agriculture, Tamagawa University, Machida-shi, Tokyo 194, Japan * Lehrstuhl für Physiologie und Biochemie der Pflanzen, Universität Konstanz, D-78434 Konstanz, Bundesrepublik Deutschland Z. Naturforsch. 49c, 49-56 (1994); received November 12,1993 Proherbicide, I...

In a previous study, we showed that the halophyte plant model Thellungiella salsuginea was more tolerant to phenanthrene (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon: PAH) than its relative glycophyte Arabidopsis thaliana. In the present work, we investigated the potential of another halophyte with higher biomass production, Cakile maritma, to reduce phenanthrene phytotoxicity. Sand was used instead of ara...

Cacodylic acid (hydroxydimethylarsine oxide) was more phytotoxic than monsodium methanearsonate (MSMA), sodium arsenate, or sodium arsenite when foliarly-applied. MSMA was much more effective on dicotyledonous than on monocotyledonous species. Sodium arsenite and arsenate had little effect on grasses. A comparative study of absorption, transport, and metabolism in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘...

Microcystins (MC) are the most studied toxins of cyanobacteria since they are widely distributed and account for several cases of human and animal poisoning, being potent inhibitors of the serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A). The phosphatases PP1 and PP2A are also present in plants, which may also suffer adverse effects due to the inhibition of these enzymes. In aquatic ...