The lethal responses to cadmium of instar II nauplii from eight populations of Artemia belonging to the species Artemia franciscana, Artemia salina, Artemia persimilis, and Artemia parthenogenetica have been compared. Generalized linear models were used to fit mortality. The model indicates that there is a relationship between species, type of population, and mortality rate. The two populations...

1. Functional response models (e.g. Holling's disc equation) that do not take the spatial distributions of prey and predators into account are likely to produce biased estimates of predation rates. 2. To investigate the consequences of ignoring prey distribution and predator aggregation, a general analytical model of a predator population occupying a patchy environment with a single species of ...

Thirty-five period locus sequences from Drosophila pseudoobscura and its siblings species, D. p. bogotana, D. persimilis, and D. miranda, were studied. A large amount of variation was found within D. pseudoobscura and D. persimilis, consistent with histories of large effective population sizes. D. p. bogotana, however, has a severe reduction in diversity. Combined analysis of per with two other...

*Correspondence: Peter Schausberger, Group of Arthropod Ecology and Behavior, Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Peter Jordanstrasse 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria e-mail: peter.schausberger@boku. ac.at Predation is a prime selective force shaping prey behavior. Investment in anti-predator behavior is traded-off agains...

BACKGROUND Food limitation early in life may be compensated for by developmental plasticity resulting in accelerated development enhancing survival at the expense of small adult body size. However and especially for females in non-matching maternal and offspring environments, being smaller than the standard may incur considerable intra- and trans-generational costs. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FIND...