A pattern of electrical stimulation based on 2 prominent physiological features of the hippocampus, complex spike discharge and theta rhythm, was used to induce lasting increases in responses recorded in area CA1 of hippocampal slices maintained in vitro and from the hippocampus of behaving rats. This effect, termed primed burst (PB) potentiation, was elicited by as few as 3 stimuli delivered t...

While the effect of cortex stimulation on pain control is widely accepted, its physiological basis remains poorly understood. We chose an animal model of pain to study the influence of sensorimotor cortex stimulation on tooth pulp stimulation evoked potentials (TPEPs). Fifteen awake rats implanted with tooth pulp, cerebral cortex, and digastric muscle electrodes were divided into three groups, ...

biophysical profile (bpp) test is the most commonly used antenatal test of fetal well-being. purpose of this study is determining the influence of acoustic stimulation (as) on bpp testing time. about 55 pregnant women at 35 to 42 weeks who referred to department of obstetric & gynecology at university of medical sciences, tabriz, iran, were selected randomly. we used abdominal ultrasound guidan...

Studying rhythmic neural synchronization (cross-frequency coupling in various ranges) is an emerging topic present-day neurophysiology. One of the best-studied cross-frequency couplings theta-gamma phase-amplitude that contributes to cognitive function and may vary patients with several conditions associated impairment. Changes can be registered a wide range diseases decline.
 The review c...

Asynchronous bimodal stimulation during prenatal development elicits higher levels of behavioral and physiological arousal in precocial avian embryos than does unimodal sensory stimulation. To investigate whether the increased arousal associated with prenatal bimodal stimulation has enduring effects into postnatal development, bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) embryos received no supplementa...

The contact method: a simple technique for electrical self-stimulation without external leads. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. 11(S) 721-723, 1973.-Electrical currents to reward areas of the brain were administered without the use of external leads by utilizing a method conceptually similar to that of the electronic drinkometer. A wire brush connected to the intracranial electrode protudes above the rat's head...

1. Water-wave stimulation, which was previously shown to elicit swimming in intact leeches, can initiate swimming in a semi-intact leech preparation via activation of the sensillar movement receptors (SMRs), provided that 50 micron-serotonin is added to the physiological saline. 2. The neuronal responses resulting from near-field stimulation of the leech body wall with a vibrating probe were re...

The surge in noninvasive brain stimulation studies investigating cognitive enhancement has neglected the effect of interindividual differences, such as traits, on stimulation outcomes. Using the case of mathematics anxiety in a sample of healthy human participants in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover experiment, we show that identical transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) e...

Anatomical and physiological experiments were conducted to characterize the interactions between the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and to determine the role of neurotensin in their interaction. Anatomical studies using injection of Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin into the LH showed an extensive projection to the ventromedial and the ventrolateral PAG and a less ...