The drug thalidomide was contained in the blockbuster Contergan, which has been used as a non- prescription sedative drug and a potent treatment for occurring morning sickness in pregnant women during the 1950s and the early 1960s. This therapeutic use has led to one of the most prominent disasters in the history of drug development due to peripheral neuritis and malformations, e.g. phocomelia,...

あらまし マルチ送受信アンテナ(MIMO)空間多重では,受信信号をベクトルとし,チャネルを行列として信号検 出する方法がよく知られており,さまざまな信号検出法が提案されている.筆者らはこれまで,シングルキャリア (SC)伝送の周波数領域受信信号が MIMO 多重の受信信号表現と同様に表わされることから,MIMO 多重における信 号検出法が適用できることを指摘してきた.本論文では,QR 分解と M アルゴリズムを用いる演算量削減型最尤検 出法(QRM-MLD)とアンテナ受信ダイバーシチとを SC 伝送に適用している.そして,このときの誤り率(BER)特性 を計算機シミュレーションにより求め, QRM-MLD と受信ダイバーシチと併用することで M アルゴリズムの各ス テージにおける生き残りシンボルレプリカ候補数を削減しつつ優れた BER 特性が得られることを示す. キーワード シングル...

The paper starts by proposing an explicit and intuitive bargaining process to analyze coalitional externalities, which we then use to generate a value allocation extending the Shapley value to partition function from games, the Rational Belief Shapley value (RBS). We investigate the strategic foundation of the value by constructing a mechanism implementing it. It extends existing models of mult...

We prove a generalization of the Hochster-Roberts-Boutot-Kawamata Theorem conjectured in [1]: let R → S be a pure homomorphism of equicharacteristic zero Noetherian local rings. If S is regular, then R is pseudo-rational, and if R is moreover Q-Gorenstein, then it is pseudo-log-terminal.

Riegle (D-Mich.); Jack M. Clough, Jr., AAAS/Biophysical Society/ American Society of Photobiology, Subcommittee on Energy and Power, House of Representatives Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee; Daniel Craig, Duke Round Table on Science and Public Affairs (Duke), office of Senator Daniel K. Inouye (D-Hawaii); Stanislaus J. Dundon, American Philosophical Association (APA), office of Repres...

Analyses of policies to reduce gasoline consumption have focused on two effects, a compositional effect on the fuel economy of the automotive fleet and a utilization effect on how much people drive. However, the literature has missed a third effect: a matching effect, in which the policy changes how high-utilization households are matched to fuel-efficient vehicles in equilibrium. We show that ...

A significant problem in biological motif analysis arises when the background symbol distribution is biased (e.g. high/low GC content in the case of DNA sequences). This can lead to overestimation of the amount of information encoded in a motif. A motif can be depicted as a signal using information theory (IT). We apply two concepts from IT, distortion and patterned interference (a type of nois...

ON 6 November 2003, the International Court of Justice delivered its long-awaited judgment in Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America). The judgment raises important issues relating to both jurisdiction and the law governing the use of force. By way of background, the Court was seised of a claim by Iran and a counterclaim by the USA alleging breaches of their 1955 bi...

Development of epilepsy services in the northern region has included a baseline audit of the availability of pre-conceptual advice, AED prescribing, folic acid usage, vitamin K administration and pregnancy outcome in women with epilepsy which we now report. Patients, identified by community midwives, complete a standardized interview questionnaire with a research nurse. Delivery outcome is reco...

W H I L E producing malformations in the mouse foetus with X-rays, the authors recognized an abnormal shortening of the extremities in a group treated on the 11th day of pregnancy. Such shortenings were caused by the absence, shortening, curvature, flexure or synostosis of the long bones of the extremities. Furthermore, in foetuses treated on the 12th day of pregnancy, numerous cases of ectroda...