Case presentation: The patient was the first child of healthy non-consanguineous parents. She a late preterm, infant diabetic mother and born in cesarean due to polyhydramnios. By age one year old, family noticed leukocoria right eye she diagnosed with unilateral retinoblastoma. Histopathological analysis compatible differentiated group D successfully treated primary enucleation chemotherapy vi...

Abstract Background Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a relatively uncommon disorder associated with multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation of unknown etiology its incidence varying from 1:10,000 to 1:50,000 live births in different population groups without any known racial predilections. Main clinical features this consist distinctive dysmorphic facial appearance, growth retardation, de...

This paper presents a systematic analysis of Gabor filter banks for detection of facial landmarks (pupils and philtrum). Sensitivity is assessed using the statistic, a non-parametric estimate of sensitivity independent of bias commonly used in the psychophysical literature. We find that current Gabor filter bank systems are overly complex. Performance can be greatly improved by reducing the num...

BACKGROUND The repair of a bilateral cleft is more difficult than a unilateral repair because of numerous anatomical challenges, such as difficulty of repairing the skin and muscle overlying the protruded premaxilla and bilateral nasal reconstruction with shortening of the columella. An optimum outcome is achieved when all of the deformities of the primary cleft palate, the problems of scar and...

BACKGROUND In treating minor-form or microform cleft lip, obtaining an optimal result is a challenge because of the visible scarring caused by traditional surgery. We present a refined method using muscle overlapping with a minimal skin incision in patients younger than 3 years, a group characterized by thin muscle. METHODS The surgical technique involves restoration of the notched vermillion...

BACKGROUND The challenges of previously described techniques in unilateral cleft lip repairs inadequately address all deformities of the primary palate, the problems of scar and secondary deformities and achievement of optimum outcome. OBJECTIVE To propose the integrated and functional reconstruction of primary unilateral cleft lip-nose repair and to present the preliminary outcome and advant...

Patients with acquired maxillary edentulism and atrophy often present with facial soft tissue changes that limit the restorative dentist’s ability to fabricate a functional and esthetic prosthesis. Often with age, the upper lip becomes thin and elongated, due to atrophy of muscles, fat, and connective tissue [1] and is termed “senile”. Interestedly, the age-related changes of lip do not result ...

c Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with gummy smiles in adolescents aged between 15 18 years attending high school. Methods: The cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out during Covid-19 pandemic, 160 adolescents, from two public (A1) private (A2) schools chosen by lottery, divided into groups: G1 (with smile) G2 (no smile). A clinical examination on investigating...

OBJECTIVE Classic facial characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) are shortened palpebral fissures, smooth philtrum, and thin upper vermillion. We aim to help pediatricians detect facial dysmorphism across the fetal alcohol spectrum, especially among nonsyndromal heavily exposed (HE) individuals without classic facial characteristics. METHODS Of 192 Cape Coloured children recruited, 69...