Particulate and soluble fractions from leaves of Sorghum, Spinacia (spinach), and Coleus, capable of metabolizing l-phenylalanine to cinnamate or to caffeate, are also able to convert l-and d-phenylalanine to phenylacetate. Since cinnamate and phenylacetate are not effectively separated in commonly used chromatographic solvents, some of the isotropic assays used for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ...

A cDNA clone for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) induced in wounded sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) root was obtained by immunoscreening a cDNA library. The protein produced in Escherichia coli cells containing the plasmid pPAL02 was indistinguishable from sweet potato PAL as judged by Ouchterlony double diffusion assays. The M(r) of its subunit was 77,000. The cells converted [(14)C]-l-p...

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (RgPAL) from Rhodotorula glutinis JN-1 stereoselectively catalyzes the conversion of the l-phenylalanine into trans-cinnamic acid and ammonia, and was used in chiral resolution of dl-phenylalanine to produce the d-phenylalanine under acidic condition. However, the optimum pH of RgPAL is 9 and the RgPAL exhibits low catalytic efficiency at acidic side. Therefore, a mu...

Here we report for the first time that bacterial blight of rice can be alleviated by silicon (Si) added. In both inoculated and uninoculated plants, shoot dry weight was significantly higher in the +Si plants than in the -Si plants. A soil-cultured trial showed that disease severity was 24.3% lower in the Si-amended plants than in the non-Si-amended plants. Plants that were switched from -Si to...

Fresh asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) deteriorates rapidly after harvest. Early enzymatic changes that follow harvesting of asparagus are important factors contributing to postharvest deterioration. We held asparagus spears at 25°C for up to 5 days after harvest and examined changes in the activities of Acid invertase (AI), Sucrose Synthase (SS), Glutamine Synthetase (GS) and Phenylalanine...

Glyphosate showed a remarkable effect inducing the change of flower symmetry from the actinomorphic to the zygomorphic type in Petunia hybrida. Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] reduced the anthocyanin content and showed a weak inhibitory effect against phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity. L-2-Aminooxy-3-phenylpropionic acid (APA), an inhibitor of PAL activity, reduced the anthocya...

In the present study, we investigated the effects of dopamine, an allelochemical exuded from the velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens L DC. var utilis), on the growth and cell viability of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) roots. We analyzed the effects of dopamine on superoxide dismutase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and cell wall-bound peroxidase activities as well as its effects on lignin contents in t...

A split plot 3 × 3 experiment was designed to examine the impact of three concentrations of CO₂ (400, 800 and 1,200 μmol·mol⁻¹) on the phenolic and flavonoid compound profiles, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and antioxidant activity in three varieties of Labisia pumila Benth. (var. alata, pumila and lanceolata) after 15 weeks of exposure. HPLC analysis revealed a strong influence of increase...