Shallow bark canker incited by Brenneria nigrifluens is considered one of the most dangerous diseases which can cause a significant reduction in walnut and timber production.  During spring and summer of 2019, walnut gardens were surveyed for symptoms like leaf spot, fruit, and stem canker from four different regions of Golestan province located in Iran. A set of 11 Gram-negative bacteria were ...

The country of Georgia has a high burden of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). To evaluate whether mutations in gyrB and eis genes increased the sensitivity of detection of phenotypic resistance to ofloxacin and kanamycin or capreomycin compared to use of the first-generation MTBDRsl assay alone, which tests for mutations in gyrA and rrs genes, a retrospective study of...

Abstract The current study included the investigation of E. coli bacteria in random samples ground meat, detection virulence genes isolates, and isolates resistance to some widely used antibiotics. Twenty-four minced meat were collected isolate identify by phenotypic, microscopic characteristics traditional biochemical tests done. Antibiotic susceptibility tests, genomes extracted, factors Stx1...

Background: Pasteurella multocida serotypes A and D are commonly associated with pneumonia and pleuritis in pigs. Different phenotypic techniques, such as hyaluronidase and acriflavine tests, and genotyping techniques, such as PCR, are used to distinguish between these serotypes. The objective of this study was to compare the capsular identification methods of type A and type D P. multocida iso...

Six strains of a previously undescribed catalase-positive coryneform bacterium isolated from clinical specimens from dogs were characterized by phenotypic and molecular genetic methods. Biochemical and chemotaxonomic studies revealed that the unknown bacterium belonged to the genus Corynebacterium sensu stricto. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the six strains were genealogicall...

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions (EMT) are strongly implicated in cancer dissemination. Intermediate states, arising from inter-conversion between epithelial (E) and mesenchymal (M) states, are characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity combining E and M features and increased plasticity. Hybrid EMT states are highly relevant in metastatic contexts, but have been largely neglected, partiall...

The "white-opaque" transition in Candida albicans was discovered in 1987. For the next fifteen years, a significant body of knowledge accumulated that included differences between the cell types in gene expression, cellular architecture and virulence in cutaneous and systemic mouse models. However, it was not until 2002 that we began to understand the role of switching in the life history of th...

Coagulase-negative staphylococci are often isolated from blood cultures. Simple methods are needed for correct identification of those species most frequently found. In this study, PCR methods were developed for the identification of S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus, based on DNA sequences in their 16S rDNA. The results obtained by these methods were compared with those obtained using a numbe...

BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the main cause of hospital infection emerged over the last decades. Rapid detection of MRSA is important for patient care and proper usage of infection control. Detection of mecA genes (encoding resistance to methicillin and other similar antibiotics) and nuc genes (encoding staphylococcal thermostable nuclease) by PCR method is n...

Biofilm-forming ability is increasingly being recognized as an important virulence factor in several Staphylococcus species. This study evaluated the biofilm-forming ability of sixty canine derived clinical isolates of S. pseudintermedius, using three phenotypic methods, microtiter plate test (MtP), Congo red agar method (CRA) and tube adherence test, and the presence and impact of biofilm-asso...