Two field experiments were carried out in order to investigate the effect of chemicalinducers [benzothiadiazole 0.9 mM l-1, oxalic acid 1.0 mM l-1, salicylic acid 0.2 mM l-1] onphysiological and technological traits as well as on yields and antioxidant enzyme activities ofbarley grown under abiotic stress (i.e. water surplus and deficit conditions). Results showed thatrelative water content, le...

orchard grass (dactylis glomerata), a pasture and forage grass, has wide genetic distribution in iran. evolution of germplasm and selection of suitable genotypes is the first step for developing adaptable synthetic varieties. in order to investigate production potential, variation and genetic similarity of iranian orchard grass genotypes, an experiment was conducted using clonally propagated ma...

The reproductive success of sibling cocklebur plants (Compositae: Xunthium strumarium) was monitored after growth at different levels of availability of water and nutrient resources. Variation in reproductive success among individual plants was related to physiological, structural, and phenological characteristics. Reproductive success increased with increased availability of resources, but the...

Monitoring and predicting evolutionary changes underlying current environmental modifications are complex challenges. Recent approaches to achieve these objectives include assessing the genetic variation and effects of candidate genes on traits indicating adaptive potential. In birds, for example, short tandem repeat polymorphism at four candidate genes (CLOCK, NPAS2, ADCYAP1, and CREB1) has be...

Phenological synchrony influences many ecological processes. Recent climate change has altered the synchrony of phenology, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here using in situ phenological records from Europe, we found that the standard deviation (SD, as a measure of synchrony) of first leafing day (FLD) and the SD of first flowering day (FFD) among local plants were signific...

Climate change has resulted in major changes in the phenology--i.e. the timing of seasonal activities, such as flowering and bird migration--of some species but not others. These differential responses have been shown to result in ecological mismatches that can have negative fitness consequences. However, the ways in which climate change has shaped changes in biodiversity within and across comm...

this experiment was carried out using 200 ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. the true metabolisable energy of the barley hulls were determined using cecectomized roosters.the dry matter, true metabolisable energy, ash, ether extracts, crude protein, crude fiber, ndf, adf, ca and total p content of barely hulls were: 92%, 978 kcal/kg, ...

Digital repeat photography is becoming widely used for near-surface remote sensing of vegetation. Canopy greenness, which has been used extensively for phenological applications, can be readily quantified from camera images. Important questions remain, however, as to whether the observed changes in canopy greenness are directly related to changes in leaf-level traits, changes in canopy structur...