poaceous weeds are prolific and competitive in winter crops, but they are more insidious in wheat due to their similar morphology and growing requirements. herbicides are effective and efficient tools of weed management, however, they are vulnerable to resistance, and herbicides with different modes of action might check the dominance of a particular weed flora. the current study was undertaken...

Human activities in terrestrial landscapes, such as agriculture or urban development, often result in stressors, which can subsequently alter wetland ecosystem properties and plant community development. A complication to our understanding of plant community responses to stressors is the variation in stressor impact across wetlands of different hydrogeomorphic (HGM) subclasses. HGM classificati...

We studied the rates of seed removal by different granivores, in different microsites, at different times, in a Patagonian shrub steppe in South America. Granivory rates of exotic (Phalaris canariensis) and native (Mulinum spinosum) seed species were an order of magnitude lower than those reported for another cool desert from North America with comparable climatic conditions. Insects and rodent...

Two hundred soil samples from the A(p) horizon of a reed canarygrass field overlaying several different but related soils in northern Minnesota were analyzed for plant-parasitic nematodes and 22 edaphic factors. Pratylenchus penetrans was the predominant nematode taxon. Others were Aglenchus agricola, Tylenchorhynchus spp., Heterodera trifolii, Paratylenchus spp., Tylenchus maius, and Criconeme...

We determined whether plant diversity and sequence of plant ingestion affected foraging when cattle chose from plants that varied in concentrations of alkaloids, tannins and saponins. We hypothesized cattle that ate high-alkaloid grasses (endophyte-infected tall fescue (TF) or reed canarygrass (RCG)) would prefer forages high in tannins (birdsfoot trefoil, BFT+) or saponins (alfalfa, ALF+), bec...

Phalaris arundinacea L. (reed canary grass) is a widely occurring grass throughout the Northern Hemisphere. In North America, it thought to consist of introduced agricultural forms from Europe as well native populations. During survey in western Canada, we discovered two distinct ribotypes sequences internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nuclear ribosomal DNA: one full length (ITS-long) and with sev...