The transmitters and compilers of hadith attribute certain hadiths to the holy Prophet, peace be upon him and his household, which mainly refer to a kind of virtue and superiority of the Persians to the extent that it is said if knowledge were in Venus, the people of Persia would attain it. This superiority in narrations is mentioned at least three times in the words of “belief”, “knowledge”, a...

Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine that is now widely practiced throughout the world. Medical history studies indicate the popularity of aromatherapy in ancient civilizations such as Persia as a method of decontamination and treatment. The present study uses religious texts, ancient Persian manuscripts in the Pahlavi language, and the history of Persia to confirm the status and a...

Background & Objectives: Over the last few years, the province of Golestan has ranked second among all Iranian provinces in terms of TB prevalence after Sistan and Balochestan. The present study was done with the aim of evaluating the incidence of TB among different ethnic groups residing in Golestan. Methods: In a descriptive study, all TB patients including sputum smear-positive and negati...

The Indian subcontinent was a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire, located at the far eastern end of Achaemenid territories. It was the last part of Achaemenid lands taken over by Alexander of Macedon after his invasion. In the meantime, Chandragupta, whether after a battle or by treaty with the successor of Alexander in Asia (Seleucus I Nicator) established some degree of autonomy and founded the...

 Background & Aims: Genetic mutation, 1691G> A common polymorphism in a gene that is inherited coagulation Factor 5 is associated with increased risk of thrombosis. This mutation in different populations can develop in the prognosis of thrombotic disorders, cardiovascular disorders recurrent miscarriage and other thrombotic factors are useful. Study using appropriate strategies such as review o...

Hormozgan province is located south of Iran, on the shore of Persian Gulf and Makran Sea. The shores of Persian Gulf have been a part of Hormozgan province since ancient times. Historical remains and archaeological findings of the province date back to 10000 year B.C.. Moreover, historical and geographical writings from 5th century B.C. also mention the shores of Persian Gulf. One of the o...

Introduction: Historically, education is the prominent part of medical systems of different cultures. It has been surveyed in some cultures. In this study, we tried to uncover educational practices applied and present a sketch of medical education in ancient Persia (from beginning to 637 AD) based on the available evidence. Methods: In this study, old Persian scripts and other written document...