Polarization mode dispersion is the effect of signal broadening in a fiber with birefringent disorder. The disorder, frozen into the fiber, is characterized by the so-called vector of birefringence (VB). In a linear medium a pulse broadens as the two principal states of polarization split. It is well-known that, under the action of short-correlated disorder, naturally present in fibers, the dis...

A fifty-year time series of monthly stratospheric ozone readings from Arosa, Switzerland is analyzed. The time series exhibits the properties of a periodically correlated (PC) random sequence with annual periodicities. Spectral properties of PC random sequences are reviewed and a test to detect periodic correlation is presented. An ARMA model with periodically varying coefficients (PARMA) is fi...

We report correlated nanoscale mapping of the structure, composition, and properties regrown GaN p-n junctions to identify how etching non-planar regrowth processes limit diode performance via introduction unintentional dopants defect states. p-GaN was selectively in n-GaN trenches with SiO2 masks variable mask-to-trench-width ratio. Dilute Al layers were periodically introduced during as marke...

Short-range correlated uniform noise in the dispersion coefficient, inherent in many types of optical fibers, broadens and eventually destroys all initially ultra-short pulses. However, under the constraint that the integral of the random component of the dispersion coefficient is set to zero (pinned), periodically or quasi-periodically along the fiber, the dynamics of the pulse propagation cha...