Inhaled steroids are the most effective long-term treatment of persistent asthma but many children are unable to use correctly the available inhalers. Administration of nebulized corticosteroids has some advantages over the administration with pressurised metered-dose inhalers (pMDls). The objective of this multicenter randomised study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of nebulized c...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Despite the widespread use of short-acting, inhaled beta(2)-agonists in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs), little is known about their optimal dose. The aims of this study are to compare the bronchodilator response to incremental doses of inhaled albuterol during and after recovery from an AECOPD, and to compare the effects of regular nebulized albuterol, 2.5 mg and 5 mg, o...

Temperature and relative humidity are as major factors that stimulate exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental temperature and relative humidity on the EIB in the pre-test and 5, 10, 15 and 60 minutes (1 hour) after the activity in the exercise (EXEG) and control (CONG) groups. Among 60 adolescent male students of Sport and Ph...

BACKGROUND Asthma as a chronic health condition can be controlled when in addition to clinical care, adequate education and support is provided to enhance self-management. Like many other chronic health conditions improved self-management positively impacts the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). It can therefore be said that a well-structured pharmaceutical care delivery that addresses the...

Obesity is characterized by activation of the innate immune responses and low grade systemic inflammation with increased levels of inflammatory cytokines. In the past two decades, the prevalence of both asthma and obesity has increased dramatically. The aim of the present study is to examine the relationship between innate immunity, obesity and asthma in allergic and non allergic obese persons ...

Background & Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the illness with airflow obstruction caused by emphysema, chronic bronchitis, or a combination of both disorders. It third leading cause death worldwide. Between 20 and 40% all COPD patients across globe are never smokers. The primary objective this study was to evaluate Function Tests (PFTs) in non-smoker compare thei...

CONTEXT It is not known whether patient outcomes are enhanced by effective pharmacist-patient interactions. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of a pharmaceutical care program for patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized controlled trial conducted at 36 community drugstores in Indianapolis, Ind. We enrolled 1113 pa...

Floating fog occurs every summer in Kushiro City in Japan, and the annual average of fog water pH in the past 4 years has been under 5.0. We previously reported that epidemiologically fog was the most important positive factor contributing to increased hospital visits of asthmatic patients compared with other meteorological values and air pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the mechanis...

BACKGROUND The most common treatment for asthma is transferring the drug into the lungs by inhaler devices. Besides, correct use of inhaled medication is required for effectiveness of pharmacotherapy. Thus, it is necessary to train the patients how to use Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI). This study aimed to determine the effect of training about MDI usage with or without spacer on maximum expiratory...

BACKGROUND Nebulized furosemide has been shown to be protective against bronchoconstricting stimuli. METHODS To investigate whether inhaled furosemide would exhibit an additional therapeutic effect in children with acute asthma we performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in which patients with acute asthma attack were randomized to receive either nebulized salbutamol (0.15 mg/kg) pl...