This study was undertaken to determine in vivo permeability coefficients for fluoroquinolones and to assess its correlation with the permeability derived using reported models in the literature. Further, the aim was to develop novel QSPR model to predict corneal permeability for fluoroquinolones and test its suitability on other training sets. The in vivo permeability coefficient was determined...

Changes in DNA supercoiling are induced by a wide range of environmental stresses in Escherichia coli, but the physiological significance of these responses remains unclear. We now demonstrate that an increase in negative supercoiling is necessary for transcriptional activation of a large subset of osmotic stress-response genes. Using a microarray-based approach, we have characterized supercoil...

We move from benzo-fused pyrroles to benzo-fused pyridines and meet quinoline and isoquinoline. Isoquinolines will feature as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in Chapter 51 and their synthesis will mostly be discussed there. In this section we shall concentrate on the quinolines. Quinoline forms part of the structure of quinine, the malaria remedy found in cinchona bark and known since the time of ...

A rapid, simple, and sensitive immunochromatographic test strip has been developed for testing residues of ciprofloxacin (CIP). A specific and sensitive monoclonal antibody (mAb) for CIP was generated by immunizing BALB/c mice with well-characterized CIP-Keyhole limpet haemocyanin. Under the optimized conditions, the cut-off limits of test strips for CIP were found to be 5 ng/mL in phosphate-bu...

The in vitro antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin (Bay o 9867) was compared with those of the other new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives: norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and pefloxacin, as well as with those of the earlier analogs, nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid. Virtually no resistance against the new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives was observed. As ...

Emerging bacterial resistance renders many antibiotics ineffective, making alternative strategies of wound disinfection important. Here the authors report on a new, physical burn wound disinfection method: pulsed electric fields (PEFs). High voltage, short PEFs create nonthermal, permanent damage to cell membranes, possibly by irreversible electroporation. In medicine, PEF technology has recent...

Objective: The drawback associated with conventional eye drops needs development of novel ophthalmic delivery system with improved bioavailability and patient compliances. The objective of present work was to develop and evaluate mucoadhesive in situ ocular gel of Pefloxacin mesylate based on the concept of ion activated in situ gelation for the prolonged precorneal residence time. Methods: For...