2. Tobias JD. Tolerance, withdrawal, and physical dependency after long-term sedation and analgesia of children in the pediatric intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2000;28:2122–32. 3. Schure AY, Kussman BD. Pediatric heart transplantation: demographics, out5. Tobias JD, Gupta P, Naguib A, Yates AR. Dexmedetomidine: applications fo the pediatric patient with congenital heart disease. Pediatr Ca...

Fabio Cardinale, Maria Chironna, Iolanda Chinellato, Nicola Principi, Susanna Esposito Department of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology, Giovanni XXIII Pediatric Hospital, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; Hygiene Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico, University of Bari, Bari, Italy; Pediatric Clinic 1, Department of Pathophy...

 Abstract  Background: Despite the long-standing association of macrophage migration inhibitory  factor (MIF) with delayed-type hypersensitivity response, the potential role  of MIF in chronic allograft nephropathy is unknown. The association between upregulation of MIF expression, macrophage and T cell infiltration and the severity of  chronic allograft nephropathy suggests that MIF may be an ...

Background: Burkitt lymphoma is a common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children. It has a rapid and aggressive clinical course with frequent involvement of bone marrow and central nervous system. Systemic chemotherapy is the mainstay of the treatment for this malignancy in children. In this systematic review, we discuss autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSC...

Over the past decade, significant policy changes have been made to the national organ allocation system, which is managed by the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) under federal contract by the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN). Some of these changes may have contributed directly to the decreased pediatric waitlist mortality noted in this month’s article entitled “Pediat...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the nutritional status of pediatric patients after orthotopic liver transplantation and the relationship with short-term clinical outcome. METHOD Anthropometric evaluations of 60 children and adolescents after orthotopic liver transplantation, during the first 24 hours in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit. Nutritional status was determined from the Z score for the ...

Blood concentrations of cyclosporine were determined in adult and pediatric patients following orthotopic liver transplantation to quantitate cyclosporine blood clearance and oral absorption. Seventeen bioavailability studies were performed following transplantation surgery in nine children and seven adults. The intravenous cyclosporine study was performed following an average dose of 2.1 mg/kg...

OBJECTIVE The efficacy for primary orthotopic liver transplantation of a new immunosuppressive agent, FK 506 (tacrolimus, Prograf, Fujisawa USA, Deerfield, IL), was determined. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA After 3 years of preclinical research, a clinical trial of FK 506 for orthotopic liver transplantation was begun in February 1989, first as a rescue therapy for patients with intractable rejecti...

Multiple studies have documented racial differences in graft survival in kidney transplant recipients. Although several studies in adult kidney transplant recipients have evaluated risk factors that might predispose to these differences, studies in pediatric patients are lacking. This study retrospectively analyzed data from the North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies (N...