Pedestrian areas are a type of urban public space, nowadays because of the serious consequencesof car-dependency and ignoring pedestrian needs, a consensus on the importance of walking and the necessity forplanning for pedestrians movement has been formed among urban designers, planners and people. The concernsabout human health and movement in city create a new trend in contemporary urbanism, ...

Pedestrian safety is a primary traffic issue in the urban environment. According to national traffic safety data, more than 4,000 fatalities were caused by pedestrian-vehicle collisions annually among the 40,000-plus total fatalities in all categories of collisions. Pedestrian crashes account for about 80,000 collisions per year, according to the General Estimate System (GES) data from 1995 to ...

MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF PEDESTRIAN FLOWS by Romesh Khaddar 〈Dr. Zhonghai Ding〉, Examination Committee Chair University of Nevada, Las Vegas According to the Traveler Opinion and Perception Survey of 2005, about 107.4 million Americans regularly use walking as a mode of transport during their commute, which amounts for 51% of the total American population. In 2009, 4092 pedestrian fatalities we...

BACKGROUND Human behaviour is an obvious, yet under-studied factor in pedestrian injury. Behavioural interventions that address rule violations by pedestrians and motorists could potentially reduce the frequency of pedestrian injury. In this study, a method was developed to examine road-rule non-compliance by pedestrians and motorists. The purpose of the study was to examine the potential assoc...

Pedestrian are most at risk when crossing a road section with a large amount of pedestrian-vehicle interaction. Thus, an understanding of the complex interaction between pedestrian behaviour, signal setting and environment is essential to assess the contribution of these factors to pedestrian accidents. The complexity of these interactions could possibly been described and explored using a powe...

INTRODUCTION Pedestrian-vehicle crashes result in a substantial number of pedestrian fatalities and injuries worldwide. Computer models are powerful tools in understanding how the severity of injuries could have been reduced in the crash. Pedestrian real-world cases serve as an important source of information to evaluate the dynamic performance of pedestrian models and their ability to reconstr...

Modeling pedestrian traffic at the micro-level is a relatively young research area. The key to success is driven on the ability to appropriately model crowd behavior that arises in pedestrian traffic. One method of validation for such simulation models examines their ability to reproduce commonly observed crowd behavior. This paper demonstrates how commonly observed crowd behavior emerges from ...

Microscopic models are state of the art for computer simulation of pedestrian dynamics. The modeling of the individual movement of pedestrians is used to design a description of macroscopic pedestrian flow which allows e.g. the evaluation of escape routes, the design of pedestrian facilities and the study of more theoretical questions. For a first overview see [1–3]. One primary test, whether a...

This paper presents an inertial-sensor-based wearable device and its associated pedestrian trajectory reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct indoor pedestrian trajectories. The wearable device is composed of a triaxial accelerometer, a triaxial gyroscope, a triaxial magnetometer, a microcontroller, and a Bluetooth wireless transmission module. Users can carry the device to walk in indoor envir...

PURPOSE Over 8,000 American adolescents ages 14-15 years require medical attention owing to pedestrian injury annually. Cognitive factors contributing to pedestrian safety include reaction time, impulsivity, risk taking, attention, and decision making. These characteristics are also influenced by sleep restriction. Experts recommend that adolescents obtain 8.5 hours of uninterrupted sleep each ...