It has previously been shown that at least one species of fish (the American shad) in the order clupeiforms (herrings, shads, and relatives) is able to detect sounds up to 180 kHz. However, it has not been clear whether other members of this order are also able to detect ultrasound. It is now demonstrated, using auditory brainstem response (ABR), that at least one additional species, the gulf m...

OBJECTIVE To determine the causes of medical errors, the emotional and behavioral response of pediatric medicine residents to their medical errors and to determine their behavior change affecting their future training. METHODS One hundred thirty postgraduate residents were included in the study. Residents were asked to complete questionnaire about their errors and responses to their errors in...

This article describes some of the factors relevant to the establishment of a universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) program. First, the difficulty in providing precise estimates of test sensitivity and specificity are reviewed. This section is followed by hypothetical estimates of overall programmatic costs, first for a fixed number of babies to be screened and then as a function of the nu...

In the first portion of this study, the effects of two levels of contralateral masking on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) were investigated in 10 normal-hearing subjects. No significant changes were observed in the mean latency-intensity functions or the mean amplitude-intensity functions of this group of subjects when noise of various levels was added to the nontest ear. In the second po...

INTRODUCTION Preterm birth is a risk factor for a number of conditions that requires comprehensive examination. Our study was designed to investigate the impact of preterm birth on the processing of auditory stimuli and brain structures at the brainstem level at a preschool age. MATERIALS AND METHODS An auditory brainstem response (ABR) test was performed with low rates of stimuli in 60 child...

IfH is a Hopf algebra whose square of the antipode is the identity, v ∈ L(V )⊗H is a corepresentation, and π : H → L(W ) is a representation, then u = (id ⊗ π)v satisfies the equation (t ⊗ id)u = ((t ⊗ id)u) of the vertex models for subfactors. A universal construction shows that any solution u of this equation arises in this way. A more elaborate construction shows that there exists a “minimal...

Risks are natural and inherent characteristics of major projects. Risks are usually considered independently in analysis of risk responses. However, most risks are dependent on each other and dependent risks are rare in the real world. This paper proposes a model for proper risk response selection from the responses portfolio with the purpose of optimization of defined criteria for projects. Th...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is responsible for a vast majority of liver failure cases. HCV is a kind of blood disease appraised to chronically infect 3% of the worlds’ population causing significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, a complete knowledge of humoral responses against HCV, resulting antibodies, and virus-receptor and virus-antibody interactions, are essential to design a vaccine. HC...