Previous studies have indicated that heavy metal exposure can have an effect on the central nervous system. However, research has been inadequate to fully support this claim. The aim of this work was to determine the toxic effects of heavy metal ions including Fe, Fe, Hg, Mn, Cd, Mg, and Pb on nerve cells (e.g. PC12). PC12 cells were incubated with the metal ions at four concentrations, i.e. 12...

Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibits nerve growth factor (NGF) withdrawal apoptosis in differentiated PC12 cells. The inhibition of apoptosis by COX-2 was concomitant with prevention of caspase 3 activation. To understand how COX-2 prevents apoptosis, we used cDNA expression arrays to determine whether COX-2 regulates differential expression of apoptosis-related genes. The expression of dynein lig...

The microenvironment of neuron cells plays a crucial role in regulating neural development and regeneration. Hyaluronic acid (HA) biomaterial has been applied in a wide range of medical and biological fields and plays important roles in neural regeneration. PC12 cells have been reported to be capable of endogenous NGF synthesis and secretion. The purpose of this research was to assess the effec...

OBJECTIVES Hypoxia or exposure to excessive reactive oxygen or nitrogen species could induce S-nitrosylation of various target proteins, including GTPases of the Ras-superfamily. Under hypoxic conditions, the Ras-protein is translocated to the cytosol and interacts with the Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria. The mobility/translocation of Ras depend on the cells oxidative status...

PURPOSE Optineurin is a pathogenic gene associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), in which the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are targeted. However, the functions of optineurin, particularly in RGCs, are currently not clear. We introduced optineurin siRNA into cultured retinal ganglion cell 5 (RGC-5) and PC12 cells to determine the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the role ...

To understand the control of glial tumor cell proliferation, we have examined the effects of neurons on a number of human and rodent glioma lines. These included C6, G26-24, U-251, HTB-16, and A-172 cells of astroglial lineage and G26-20 of bipotential astrocytic and oligodendrocytic lineage. Rapid, specific binding of granule neurons to the human A-172, HTB-16, and U-251 and mouse G26-24 cell ...

Satratoxin H, a mycotoxin, is thought to induce apoptosis of PC12 cells through the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in a glutathione (GSH)-sensitive manner. The present study was undertaken to further elucidate the mechanism by which satratoxin H induces cell death in PC12 cells. Satratoxin H caused apoptosis of PC12 cells within 24-h,...

Objective (s):Hyperglycemia is widely recognized as the underlying cause for some debilitating conditions in diabetic patients. The role of cannabinoid CB1 and vanilloid TRPV1 receptors and their endogenous agonists, endovanilloids, in diabetic neuropathy is shown in many studies. Here we have used PC12 cell line to investigate the possible influence of glucose concentration in culture medium o...

This work presents the design and simulation of an all-optical sensor for detection cancer cells. The proposed device is based on surface plasmon resonance effect a spiral shaped photonic crystal fiber structure. finite element method (FEM) simulations are carried out different cells, such as HELA, Basal, Jurkat, MDA-MB-231, MCF7, PC12 detection. has shown maximum sensitivity ?289 RIU?1 refract...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete a variety of neuroregulatory molecules, such as nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, which upregulate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene expression in PC12 cells. Enhancing TH gene expression is a critical step for treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). The objective of this study was to assess the ...