Introduction: various irrigation devices and chemical solutions are being developed improved nowadays for better penetration deep into the complex root canal system. Activation of irrigating enhances solution effectiveness. Evidence in literature suggests that ultrasonic is much more effective this respect than syringe alone. Passive (PUI) and/or ultrasonically activated (UAI): nowadays, two te...

This study evaluates the depth of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) penetration into dentinal tubules by using the GentleWave® System versus ultrasonic agitation. Forty extracted human molars were accessed and instrumented to size #15 with taper .04, cleaned to remove pulp tissue, immersed in crystal violet dye, and incubated (37°C) overnight. Samples were rinsed with distilled water for 30 minutes a...

INTRODUCTION Elimination of the smear layer after root canal instrumentation requires the use of irrigating solutions. This cleaning can be completed with passive ultrasonic or sonic irrigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the EndoActivator System in removing the smear layer after rotary root canal instrumentation, with and without a final flush of 17% ethylenedia...

The effectiveness of 4.0% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) used with three irrigation methods in the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the root canal was tested in vitro. Root canals contaminated with E. faecalis were treated as follows: (i) irrigation with 2 mL of NaOCl solution and agitation with hand files; (ii) irrigation with 2 mL of NaOCl solution and ultrasonic agitation; (iii) irriga...

Aim: To clinically evaluate the effect of different irrigation activation techniques (needle irrigation, passive ultrasonic (PUI) and EndoVac) on post-operative pain after single-visit endodontic treatment. Materials methods: Thirty patients aged between 16 40 years requiring therapy asymptomatic vital/non vital maxillary central or canine teeth were selected for this study. In all cases, root ...